Modi 2012.

Methods	Study design: RCT Study duration: not reported Study follow‐up period: to postoperative day 1
Participants	Country: India Setting: private research institute associated hospital Relevant health status: adult live‐donor kidney transplant recipients Number: treatment group (37); control group (37) Mean age ± SD (years): not reported Sex (M/F): not reported Cold ischaemia time (minutes): not reported Warm ischaemia time (minutes): not reported Exclusion criteria: severe cardiovascular disease, liver dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, preoperative serum potassium level > 5.5 mEq/L
Interventions	Treatment group Lactated ringers Intraoperative IV fluid titrated to keep CVP at 12 to 15 mm Hg Control group Normal saline Intraoperative IV fluid titrated to keep CVP at 12 to 15 mm Hg Post‐operative fluid Not reported Baseline immunosuppression Induction: methylprednisolone Maintenance: not reported
Outcomes	Acid‐base status: mean difference in blood pH, serum chloride concentration, and serum bicarbonate concentration at the end of surgery compared to baseline
Notes	Funding source: no information on funding sources was provided
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	"A computer randomization program was used for patient group assignments." Page 135, paragraph 2
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Information on allocation concealment was not reported
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	"The solutions were supplied by our hospital pharmacy after completely covering each bag with opaque tape to ensure blinding to study personnel and patients." Page 135, paragraph 2
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Specific information on masking of outcome and data assessors was not reported
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	No information on intention‐to‐treat principle or missing outcome date reported
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	No trial registration or published protocol
Other bias	Unclear risk	Published as a letter to the editor only. No information on funding reported