Table 2.
Prevalence of multi-drug resistant Gram-negative organism (MDRGNO) cultures and unadjusted association between patient, medical and facility characteristics (n=27,904)
| Characteristics | Prevalence of MDRGNO cultures N=27,904 |
MDRGNO cultures N=11,527 |
Non-MDRGNO cultures N=16,377 |
Unadjusted OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male Gender | 41.4% | 11,174 (96.9%) | 15,827 (96.6%) | 1.10 (0.76-0.91) |
| Age in years | ||||
| 18-49 | 36.7% | 1,650 (14.3%) | 2,849 (17.4%) | Reference |
| 50-64 | 43.0% | 4,978 (43.2%) | 6,590 (40.2%) | 1.30 (1.21-1.40) |
| 65+ | 41.4% | 4,899 (42.5%) | 6,938 (42.4%) | 1.22 (1.14-1.31) |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| White | 38.0% | 6,459 (56.0%) | 10,537 (64.3%) | Reference |
| Black | 48.5% | 3,445 (29.9%) | 3,657 (22.3%) | 1.54 (1.45-1.63) |
| Hispanic | 45.7% | 826 (7.2%) | 980 (6.0%) | 1.38 (1.25-1.52) |
| Other | 39.9% | 797 (6.9%) | 1,203 (7.4%) | 1.08 (0.98-1.19) |
| Paraplegia Injury (vs tetraplegia/missing) | 40.0% | 5,009 (43.5%) | 7,503 (45.8%) | 0.91 (0.87-0.95) |
| Complete Injury (vs incomplete) | 43.4% | 5,313 (46.1%) | 6,926 (42.3%) | 1.17 (1.11-1.22) |
| Duration of injury in year | ||||
| <=10 years | 42.0% | 5,580 (48.4%) | 7,714 (47.1%) | Reference |
| 11-20 | 40.3% | 1,782 (15.5%) | 2,639 (16.1%) | 0.93 (0.87-1.00) |
| 21+ | 40.9% | 4,165 (36.1%) | 6,024 (36.8%) | 0.96 (0.91-1.01) |
| Medical Characteristics | ||||
| Care setting | ||||
| Outpatient | 37.6% | 6,591 (57.2%) | 10,924 (66.7%) | Reference |
| Inpatient | 47.8% | 4,078 (35.4%) | 4,455 (27.2%) | 1.52 (1.44-1.60) |
| Long-term care | 48.7% | 589 (5.1%) | 621 (3.8%) | 1.57 (1.40-1.77) |
| Home care | 41.6% | 269 (2.3%) | 377 (2.3%) | 1.18 (1.01-1.39) |
| Specimen type | ||||
| Urine | 41.2% | 9,955 (86.4%) | 14,215 (86.8%) | Reference |
| Blood | 42.0% | 224 (1.9%) | 309 (1.9%) | 1.04 (0.87-1.23) |
| Other | 42.1% | 1,348 (11.7%) | 1,853 (11.3%) | 1.04 (0.96-1.12) |
| Polymicrobial culture | 55.4% | 3,301 (28.6%) | 2,658 (16.2%) | 2.07 (1.95-2.19) |
| Pressure ulcer in past year | 49.8% | 3,796 (32.9%) | 3,823 (23.3%) | 1.61 (1.53-1.70) |
| Mean Charlson score (SD) | 2.0 (1.8) | 1.7 (1.8) | <0.0001* | |
| Healthcare Exposures in the past 90 days | ||||
| Any healthcare | 48.5% | 3,756 (32.6%) | 3,984 (24.3%) | 1.50 (1.43-1.59) |
| Long-term care facility stay | 50.6% | 360 (3.1%) | 352 (2.1%) | 1.47 (1.26-1.70) |
| ICU stay | 53.0% | 1,076 (9.3%) | 953 (5.8%) | 1.67 (1.52-1.82) |
| Previous hospitalization | 48.5% | 3,612 (31.3%) | 3,829 (23.4%) | 1.50 (1.42-1.58) |
| Mechanical ventilation | 52.2% | 584 (5.1%) | 535 (3.3%) | 1.58 (1.40-1.78) |
| Antibiotic Exposures in the past 90 days | ||||
| Any antibiotics | 45.3% | 8,503 (73.8%) | 10,271 (62.7%) | 1.67 (1.59-1.76) |
| Sulfonamides | 48.1% | 2,037 (17.7%) | 2,196 (13.4%) | 1.39 (1.30-1.48) |
| Nitrofurantoins | 45.9% | 1,330 (11.5%) | 1,571 (9.6%) | 1.23 (1.14-1.33) |
| Fluoroquinolones | 51.4% | 3,727 (32.3%) | 3,525 (21.5%) | 1.74 (1.65-1.84) |
| 3rd & 4th Gen Cephalosporins | 52.4% | 2,269 (19.7%) | 2,058 (12.6%) | 1.71 (1.60-1.82) |
| Carbapenems | 62.6% | 1,561 (13.5%) | 934 (5.7%) | 2.59 (2.38-2.82) |
| Colistin | 72.6% | 106 (0.9%) | 40 (0.2%) | 3.79 (2.63-5.46) |
| Facility Characteristics | ||||
| SCI Center | 42.7% | 7,511 (65.2%) | 10,072 (61.5%) | 1.17 (1.11-1.23) |
| U.S. region | ||||
| South** | 44.7% | 6,678 (57.9%) | 8,260 (50.4%) | Reference |
| Northeast | 44.3% | 1,172 (10.2%) | 1,474 (9.0%) | 0.98 (0.90-1.07) |
| Midwest | 34.4% | 1,766 (15.3%) | 3,362 (20.5%) | 0.65 (0.61-0.69) |
| West | 36.8% | 1,911 (16.6%) | 3,281 (20.0%) | 0.72 (0.68-0.77) |
*
t-test p-value
**
South: Includes Puerto Rico due to small sample size