Table 5.

Characteristics of resilience measures.

Characteristics	Description
Population health	- Reveal the health conditions of population in the affected area.
Quality of healthcare-network performance	- Reveal the quality of medical services during a particular time. - Evaluate the effectiveness of collective medical response during disasters. - Concern the system performance as a whole rather than performance of individual components.
Benchmark	- Enable the comparison of different strategies for medical response during a particular disaster.
Information for decision maker	- Provide information for the decision maker or policy maker on patients’ outcome as well as the required actions of collective medical response to improve it during disasters.

The measures found in the literature can be classified into four different categories: time-based, based on number of patients, costs, and utilisation rate.