Table 4.

Relationship between structural racism and Black-White disparities in COVID-19 vaccination rates across 45 states

Variable	Unadjusted coefficient (95% CI)	Adjusted coefficient (95% CI)
Black State Racism Index	− 3.15* (− 1.27 to − 5.03)	− 2.87* (− 0.84 to − 4.90)
Economic Index	− 1.96 (− 4.13 to + 0.22)	− 2.46* (− 4.63 to − 0.29)
Employment Index	− 0.81 (− 2.78 to + 1.16)	− 1.47 (− 3.42 to + 0.48)
Education Index	− 3.55* (− 1.70 to − 5.40)	− 2.73 (− 5.45 to + 0.00)
Incarceration Index	− 3.39* (− 1.47 to − 5.30)	− 2.98* (− 0.82 to − 5.14)
Segregation Index	+ 0.14 (− 1.93 to + 2.22)	+ 0.04 (− 1.99 to + 2.07)

^*Indicates coefficient is significant at the p < 0.05 level. Significant findings are shown in bold type

The adjusted analyses control for racial disparities in vaccine hesitancy and for the political affiliation in each state. Regression coefficients represent the change in the absolute percentage point difference between the Black and White vaccination rates for each one standard deviation increase in the structural racism index shown