Table 1.
Comparison of Characteristics of Patients With Compensated Cirrhosis, Decompensated Cirrhosis, and Acute-on-Chronic Liver Disease.
| Characteristics | Overall cohort (n = 221) | Compensated cirrhosis (n = 18) | Decompensated cirrhosis (n = 139) | ACLF (n = 64) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean Age (years) | 46 (37–55) | 52 (32–59) | 47 (37–54) | 44 (37–55) | 0.503 |
| Sex, male n (%) | 171 (77.4%) | 11 (61.1%) | 108 (77.7%) | 52 (81.3%) | 0.194 |
| Diabetes | 48 (21.7%) | 4 (22.2%) | 33 (23.7%) | 11 (17.2%) | 0.574 |
| Etiology of cirrhosis | 0.014 | ||||
| Alcohol | 102 (46.2%) | 5 (27.8%) | 56 (40.3%) | 41 (64.1%) | |
| HBV | 24 (10.9%) | 0 | 15 (10.8%) | 9 (14.1%) | |
| HCV | 15 (6.8%) | 3 (16.7%) | 9 (6.5%) | 3 (4.7%) | |
| AIH | 12 (5.4%) | 1 (5.6%) | 9 (6.5%) | 2 (3.1%) | |
| NAFLD | 22 (10.0%) | 4 (22.2%) | 16 (11.5%) | 2 (3.1%) | |
| Cryptogenic | 36 (16.3%) | 3 (16.7%) | 27 (19.4%) | 6 (9.4%) | |
| Others | 10 (4.5%) | 2 (11.1%) | 7 (5.0%) | 1 (1.6%) | |
| Etiology Alcohol: Others | 102 (46.2%): 119 (53.8%) | 5 (27.8%): 13 (72.2%) | 56 (40.3%): 83 (59.7%) | 41 (64.1%): 23 (35.9%) | 0.002 |
| Hemoglobin | 8.4 (7.1–10.2) | 9.7 (7.4–11.1) | 8.5 (7.2–10.4) | 8.0 (7.0–9.9) | 0.204 |
| TLC | 6850 (4400–10800) | 5800 (2610–8250) | 6350 (3860–9650) | 9550 (6200–17427) | <0.001 |
| Platelet count | 72 (48–120) | 131 (54–209) | 71 (47–113) | 67 (49–99) | 0.161 |
| INR | 1.6 (1.3–2.3) | 1.3 (1.2–1.6) | 1.5 (1.3–1.9) | 2.5 (1.8–3.4) | <0.001 |
| Total bilirubin | 2.7 (1.2–5.9) | 1.6 (0.8–2.8) | 2.3 (1.1–4.1) | 10.1 (2.6–20.1) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine | 1.1 (0.7–1.9) | 0.8 (0.6–1.2) | 0.9 (0.7–1.3) | 2.4 (1.1–3.1) | <0.001 |
| AST | 54 (38–82) | 54 (40–74) | 46 (36–70) | 72 (54–142) | <0.001 |
| ALT | 37 (26–54) | 33 (27–53) | 34 (25–48) | 48 (29–68) | 0.003 |
| Alk P | 129 (92–148) | 130 (84–162) | 129 (97–144) | 116 (82–166) | 0.926 |
| Albumin | 2.6 (2.3–3.0) | 2.8 (2.5–3.3) | 2.8 (2.4–3.1) | 2.4 (2.0–2.8) | <0.001 |
| CTP | 9 (1–11) | 6.5 (5.0–8.2) | 8 (7–10) | 11 (10–13) | <0.001 |
| MELD | 19.9 (12.3–26.3) | 12.7 (9.0–22.4) | 16.7 (11.7–22.2) | 30.3 (23.2–37.4) | <0.001 |
| COVID severity | <0.001 | ||||
| Mild | 136 (61.5%) | 11 (61.1%) | 101 (72.7%) | 24 (37.5%) | |
| Moderate | 21 (9.5%) | 1 (5.6%) | 15 (10.8%) | 5 (7.8%) | |
| Severity | 64 (29.0%) | 6 (33.3%) | 23 (16.5%) | 35 (54.7%) | |
| Hospital stay | 8 (6–12) | 7 (5–13) | 8 (6–12) | 7 (5–12) | 0.312 |
| Died | 90 (40.7%) | 4 (22.2%) | 40 (28.8%) | 46 (71.9%) | <0.001 |
Note: all data are presented as median (IQR) unless specified. Albumin (G/dl), AST/ALT (iu/L), Alk P (iu/L), Bilirubin (mg/dl), creatinine (mg/dl), Hemoglobin: (g/dl), Platelets (x109/L), TLC (cells per Cmm).
Abbreviation: AIH, autoimmune hepatitis; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; Alk P, alkaline phosphatase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; CTP, Child-Turcotte-Pugh; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; INR, international normalized ratio; MELD, model for end-stage liver disease; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; TLC, Total leukocyte count.