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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Oct 29.
Published in final edited form as: J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2020 May;88(5):607–614. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000002598

TABLE 1.

Treatment, Treatment Indications, and Illustrative Examples of Treatment Indication NLP Text and Concept Association

Treatment Treatment Indication Examples ofNLP Text Extraction From Note NLP Concept Associated With Text Extraction
Airway intervention (includes BVM, NPA, OPA, supraglottic airway, and endotracheal intubation)

  • Nonresponsive

  • Agonal respirations

  • GCS <9

  1. Assisted, as PT agonal resps

  2. Chief (primary)|unresponsive—trauma

  3. PT is unresponsive, slumped over with snoring

  1. Agonal

  2. Agonal

  3. Unconscious
IV access All patients N/A
IO access

  • Failed IV attempt

  • Loss of all IV access

  • Patients requiring CPR

  1. IV was pulled out, IO placed.

  1. IO
Needle decompression

  • Hypotension and

  • Diminished or absent bilateral breath sounds

  1. Breath sounds-absent-left, breath sounds-absent

  2. Contusion, breath sounds-decreased right, breath

  1. Breath sounds

  2. Diminished breath sounds
Tranexamic acid
PRBC infusion
Crystalloid bolus

  • Hypotension

  • Hypotension

  • Hypotension when blood is not available

  • Continued hypotension after PRBC

  1. Hypotensive

  2. 80s SBP

  3. PT continued to have hypotension

  4. Due to continued low BPs

  1. Hypotensive

  2. Hypotensive

  3. Hypotensive

  4. Hypotensive
Mechanical chest compression

  • All patients receiving CPR

  1. PT in cardiac arrest, CPR started by bystander within 2

  2. ECG monitor|PEA

  1. CPR

  2.  CPR

BVM, bag valve mask; NPA, nasopharyngeal airway; OPA, oropharyngeal airway; GCS, Glasgow coma scale; PT, patient; ECG, electrocardiogram; PEA, pulseless electrical activity.