Table 2.
Determinants and predictors of weight gain during COVID-19 related home confinement among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
| Variable | No (%) of participants in each weight gain category |
Univariable analysis p-value | Multivariable analysisa |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No increase in weight | Less than 3 kg | 3 kg or more | AOR (95%CI) | p-value | |||
| Age | 18–34 | 20 (51.3) | 4 (10.3) | 15 (38.5) | 0.046 | 4.30 (061–30.16) | 0.143 |
| 35–44 | 40 (58.0) | 8 (11.6) | 21 (30.4) | 4.51 (0.65–31.34) | 0.127 | ||
| 45–54 | 31 (66.0) | 7 (14.9) | 9 (19.1) | 5.00 (0.77–32.5) | 0.093 | ||
| ≥55 | 14 (87.5) | 1 (6.3) | 1 (6.3) | 1 [Reference] | |||
| Gender | Male | 84 (71.8) | 12 (10.3) | 21 (17.9) | <0.001 | 1 [Reference] | |
| Female | 21 (38.9) | 8 (14.8) | 25 (46.3) | 4.35 (1.71–11.05) | 0.002 | ||
| Nationality | Arab | 6 (35.3) | 2 (11.8) | 9 (52.9) | 0.011 | 1.81 (0.50–6.54) | 0.365 |
| Non-Arab | 99 (64.3) | 18 (11.7) | 37 (24.0) | 1 [Reference] | |||
| Highest degree of education | No formal education | 1 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.259 | >0.999 | |
| High school diploma | 19 (63.3) | 6 (20.0) | 5 (16.7) | 0.14 (0.15–1.36) | 0.091 | ||
| College or Higher | 83 (61.9) | 14 (10.4) | 37 (27.6) | 0.12 (0.14–1.04) | 0.055 | ||
| Vocational training | 2 (33.3) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (66.7) | 1 [Reference] | |||
| Employment status | Employed | 99 (66.9) | 14 (9.5) | 35 (23.6) | <0.001 | 1.04 (0.33–3.24) | 0.950 |
| Not employed | 6 (26.1) | 6 (26.1) | 11 (47.8) | 1 [Reference] | |||
| Marital status | Married | 100 (64.1) | 17 (10.9) | 39 (25.0) | 0.023 | 0.46 (0.12–1.73) | 0.250 |
| Not married | 5 (33.3) | 3 (20.0) | 7 (46.7) | 1 [Reference] | |||
| Comorbid disease/s | No | 76 (59.8) | 17 (13.4) | 34 (26.8) | 0.628 | 0.60 (0.22–1.64) | 0.315 |
| Yes | 29 (65.9) | 3 (6.8) | 12 (27.3) | 1 [Reference] | |||
| Being previously active (attending gym regularly | Yes | 13 (40.6) | 7 (21.9) | 12 (37.5) | 0.016 | 2.59 (1.05–6.36) | 0.037 |
| No | 92 (66.2) | 13 (9.4) | 34 (24.5) | 1 [Reference] | |||
| Unhealthy dietary change | No | 53 (89.8) | 4 (6.8) | 2 (3.4) | <0.001 | 1 [Reference] | |
| Yes (at least one unhealthy change) | 52 (46.4) | 16 (14.3) | 44 (39.3) | 13.10 (4.56–37.61) | <0.001 | ||
| Mean time difference for each weight gain category | |||||||
| Exercise time difference†(Hours/day) | 0.10 | 0.30 | −0.34 | 0.074 | 1.06 (0.78–1.44) | 0.719 | |
| Sitting/reclining time difference†(Hours/day) | 1.18 | 1.55 | 2.80 | 0.021 | 1.13 (1.01–1.26) | 0.038 | |
| Screen time Difference†(Hours/day) | 1.55 | 1.15 | 2.76 | 0.063 | 0.88 (0.77–1.02) | 0.087 | |
Abbreviations: AOR adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
a
Ordinal logistic regression model was used.