Table 4.
Statistical description of the physiological foramen diameter dimensions (mm) and distances between the anatomical and physiological foramen in single-rooted mandibular canines (n = 98) and final preparation size (master apical file [MAF]; ISO instrument tip diameter) recommendations (W = wide diameter; N = narrow diameter, D = Distance between physiological foramen and anatomical foramen; SD = standard deviation).
| Foramina (n) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diameter/Distance (mm) | W | N | D | W | N | D | W | N | D | W | N | D |
| Ø | 0.40 | 0.28 | 0.45 | 0.38 | 0.22 | 0.16 | 0.32 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.32 | 0.18 | 0.18 |
| SD | 0.11 | 0.07 | 0.17 | 0.11 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.04 |
| Max | 0.88 | 0.63 | 0.94 | 0.74 | 0.40 | 0.29 | 0.38 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.49 | 0.24 | 0.24 |
| Min | 0.21 | 0.14 | 0.10 | 0.22 | 0.12 | 0.10 | 0.25 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.23 | 0.13 | 0.13 |
| Total (n) | 79 | 16 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||
| MAF | 45/50 | 40/45 | 40 | 40 | ||||||||