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. 2021 Oct 28;12:6214. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-26552-w

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — a End of twenty-first century (2081–2100) minus turn of the century (1986–2005) twilight zone δ¹⁵N_NO3 due to both anthropogenic drivers. b Time of Emergence of twilight zone δ¹⁵N_NO3. c Percentage of the low-latitude ocean (45°S–45°N) with emergent trends in biogeochemical variables related to the marine nitrogen cycle. They include vertically integrated net primary production (NPP) and nitrogen fixation (N₂ fixation), nitrate (NO₃) concentrations in both the euphotic zone (EZ) and twilight zone (TZ), δ¹⁵N_NO3 and δ¹⁵N_POM. d–f Same as a–c but for experiment with nitrogen deposition only. g–i, Same as a–c but for experiment with climate change only.