Fig. 6.

Downregulation of genes in the metabolic pathway in TAMs from murine PDA. a mRNA expression of metabolism genes as indicated were measured by RT-PCR in TAMs, CD4⁺, and CD8⁺ T cells from primary pancreatic tumors and BMDMs of the same KPC mice. Tumors were identified by ultrasound before sacrifice. β-actin used for normalization. Data are means ± SEM from triplicates and representative of two experiments. *P < 0.05 (ANOVA). b The schematic model of the GARP/integrin-mediated interaction between tumor cells and macrophages in the TME of PDAC and the mechanisms of metabolic, phenotypical, and functional reprogramming of macrophages from M1-like to M2-like macrophages in a DNA methylation-dependent manner