Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population.
| Characteristics | Total (N = 1,041) |
|---|---|
| Age, y | 29.5 ± 4.3 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI, kg/m2 | 20.5 ± 2.9 |
| Monthly per capita income | |
| <3,000 RMB | 392 (37.7) |
| 3,000–5,000 RMB | 355 (34.1) |
| >5,000 RMB | 294 (28.2) |
| Education level | |
| Below high school | 226 (21.7) |
| High school | 223 (21.4) |
| Beyond high school | 592 (56.9) |
| Nulliparous | 461 (44.3) |
| Folic acid supplement | 761 (73.1) |
| Family history of hypertension | 208 (19.9) |
| Family history of diabetes mellitus | 138 (13.3) |
| Smoking | 25 (2.4) |
| Alcohol consumption | 300 (28.8) |
| HDP | 60 (5.8) |
| Gestational age at sampling, weeks | 13.7 ± 3.1 |
| UA, μmol/L | 241.8 ± 50.1 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 112.2 ± 10.8 |
| GGT, U/L | 15.1 ± 8.8 |
| ALP, U/L | 49.7 ± 13.7 |
| LDH, U/L | 150.8 ± 21.9 |
| AST/ALT | 1.19 ± 0.42 |
Data are presented as means ± standard deviation or n (%). BMI, body mass index; HDP, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy; UA, uric acid; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; GGT, gamma–glutamyl transpeptidase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; AST/ALT, aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio.