TABLE 1.
List of QTLs in rice trait improvement and stress management.
| QTL | Trait/stress | References |
| qYLD3-1, qPW3-1, qPH12-1, qFLW4-1, and qPL3-1 | total grain yield, panicle weight, plant height, flag leaf width, panicle length | Kulkarni et al., 2020 |
| qtl12.1/qDTY12.1 | decreased number of days to flowering, higher harvest index, increased biomass and plant height | Bernier et al., 2007 |
| qDTY1.1 | Grain yield under drought and plant height under drought | Ghimire et al., 2012 Venuprasad et al., 2012b Vikram et al., 2016 |
| qDTY2.1, qDTY3.1, qDTY2.2, qDTY9.1, and qDTY12.1 | grain yield under drought stress | Bernier et al., 2007; Venuprasad et al., 2009; Swamy et al., 2011; Mishra et al., 2013 |
| qDTY1.1, qDTY1.3, and qDTY8.1 | grain yield under drought stress | Catolos et al., 2017 |
| qRT9.1 and qRT5.1 | Root trait under drought stress | Catolos et al., 2017 |
| qDTY1.1, qDTY3.3, and qDTY6.3 | grain yield across the seasons under severe and moderate drought | Yadav et al., 2019 |
| Saltol | Salt stress | Gregorio, 1997; Bonilla et al., 2002; Niones, 2004; Thomson et al., 2010; Alam et al., 2011 |
| qSKC-1 and qSNC-1 | Shoot potassium concentration and shoot sodium concentration | Zhou et al., 2013; Deng et al., 2015b; Jing et al., 2017 |
| qSL2, qRL2.1, qSIS2 qSDW2, and qRL2.2 | shoot length, root length, salt injury score, and shoot dry weight | Amoah et al., 2020 |
| qCT3.12, qCT6.7, and qCT9.6 | QTL affecting cold tolerance associated with spikelet fertility (%) | Liang et al., 2018 |
| qLTGR4d-9-1, qLTGR4d-9-2, qLTGR2d-9-1, qLTGI-9-1, qLTGR2d-9-2, and qLTGI-9-2 | QTLs associated with seed germination under cold stress in the RIL population of rice | Yang et al., 2020 |
| qLTSR-9-2, qLTSR-9-1, qLTSR-9-1, qLTNSR-9, and qLTNSR-9 | QTLs associated with cold tolerance of the RIL population of rice at the bud stage | Yang et al., 2020 |
| MQTL2.5, MQTL8.1, and MQTL9.1 | significant count of R-genes contributing to sheath blight, rice blast, and bacterial blight resistance | Kumar and Nadarajah, 2020 |
| qBL3 | Leaf and neck blast resistance | Devi et al., 2020 |
| SUB1 | Submergence stress | Xu et al., 2006; Fukao and Bailey-Serres, 2008; Chakraborty et al., 2021 |
| AG1 and AG2 | anaerobic germination under flooding | Mondal et al., 2020 |