Table 1.
Baseline characteristics SLE + RA (N = 530) stratified by HCQ use
| Clinical characteristics | HCQ (N = 371) | NO HCQ (N = 159) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Female n (%) | 329 (89) | 136 (87) | 0.51 |
| Age (mean ± SD) | 46.3(14.1) | 55.3 (13.1) | < 0.005 |
| Race | |||
| White n (%) | 83 (23) | 57 (37) | 0.001 |
| Black n (%) | 107 (29) | 33 (21) | 0.052 |
| Hispanic n (%) | 166 (46) | 60 (38) | 0.13 |
| Other n (%) | 8 (2) | 6 (3.8) | 0.29 |
| Disease characteristics | |||
| Disease duration years (mean ± SD) | 12.4 (9.03) | 11.5 (12.3) | 0.43 |
| Immunosuppressant use | |||
| Current biologics use n/total (%) | 67/238 (28.1) | 59/159 (37.1) | 0.060 |
| Current steroid use n/total (%) | 293/340 (86.2) | 61/159 (38.4) | < 0.005 |
| CVD risk factors | |||
| Hypertension n/total (%) | 170/369 (46.1) | 76/155 (49) | 0.54 |
| Diabetes mellitus n/total (%) | 25/368(7) | 20/154(13) | 0.02 |
| Current smoking n/total (%) | 23/371 (6.2) | 15/158 (9.5) | 0.18 |
| Current statin use n/total (%) | 79/244 (32.4) | 30/159(18.9) | 0.003 |
| Current aspirin use n/total (%) | 147/257 (57.2) | 31/159(19.5) | < 0.005 |
| Ejection fraction% (mean ± SD) | 58.1 ± 9.4 | 62.2 ± 5.1 | < 0.005 |
| Ejection fraction ≥ 55% n/total (%) | 337/371 (90.8) | 150/159 (93.3) | 0.18 |
| QTc average (mean ± SD) | 434 ± 25.7 | 441 ± 30.3 | 0.0079 |
| QTc ≥ 440 n (%) | 134/371 (36.1) | 86/159 (54.1) | < 0.005 |
| QTc ≥ 500 n (%) | 13/371 (3.5) | 23/159 (14.5) | < 0.005 |
| QTc Meds | |||
| Any QTc meds n/total (%) | 170/368 (46.2) | 52/148 (35.1) | 0.022 |
| Antidepressants n/total (%) | 61/173 (35.3) | 32/44 (72.7) | < 0.005 |
| Antipsychotics n/total (%) | 15/150 (10) | 4/18 (22.2) | 0.13 |
| Antiarrhythmics n/total (%) | 3/145 (2.07) | 8/25 (32) | < 0.01 |
| Muscle relaxants n/total (%) | 11/148 (7.4) | 5/22 (22.7) | 0.038 |
| Antimicrobials n/total (%) | 83/157 (52.9) | 12/20 (60) | 0.55 |
| Tacrolimus n/total (%) | 26/155 (16.77) | 1/17 (5.9) | 0.21 |
| Anticonvulsants n/total (%) | 17/147(11.6) | 1/18 (5.6) | 0.39 |
| Antiemetics n/total (%) | 54/149 (36.2) | 11/20 (55%) | 0.10 |
Abbreviations: CVD cardiovascular disease, HCQ hydroxychloroquine, QTc QT corrected interval, SD standard deviation