Table 2.
Pooled HRs of the effectiveness and safety outcomes between NOACs vs. warfarin in patients with AF.
| SSE | Major bleeding | Ischemic stroke | All-cause death | Intracranial hemorrhage | Gastrointestinal bleeding | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DA vs. WAR | ||||||
| No. of effect estimates | 9 | 13 | 11 | 5 | 13 | 12 |
| Crude event rates | 2.08 vs. 2.89% | 2.65 vs. 4.14% | 1.46 vs. 2.14% | 4.34 vs. 8.55% | 0.29 vs. 0.81% | 1.26 vs. 1.57% |
| HRs and 95% CIs | 0.82 (0.71–0.96) | 0.76 (0.65–0.87) | 0.93 (0.86–1.00) | 0.75 (0.53–1.04) | 0.46 (0.38–0.55) | 0.97 (0.80–1.17) |
| P-value | 0.01 | 0.0001 | 0.06 | 0.08 | <0.00001 | 0.73 |
| I2 statistic | 82% | 91% | 25% | 91% | 66% | 93% |
| RIV vs. WAR | ||||||
| No. of effect estimates | 10 | 13 | 10 | 4 | 11 | 10 |
| Crude event rates | 1.37 vs. 2.29% | 3.31 vs. 4.14% | 1.36 vs. 2.18% | 8.60 vs. 11.69% | 0.47 vs. 0.89% | 1.72 vs. 1.83% |
| HRs and 95% CIs | 0.80 (0.75–0.85) | 0.92 (0.84–1.00) | 0.84 (0.79–0.90) | 1.02 (0.77–1.36) | 0.69 (0.63,0.76) | 0.96 (0.82,1.12) |
| P-value | <0.00001 | 0.06 | <0.00001 | 0.88 | <0.00001 | 0.62 |
| I2 statistic | 15% | 83% | 29% | 94% | 27% | 89% |
| API vs. WAR | ||||||
| No. of effect estimates | 10 | 11 | 10 | 4 | 11 | 9 |
| Crude event rates | 1.08 vs. 2.47% | 2.12 vs. 4.35% | 0.85 vs. 1.96% | 3.24 vs. 10.41% | 0.27 vs. 0.80% | 0.78 vs. 1.73% |
| HRs and 95% CIs | 0.75 (0.65–0.86) | 0.61 (0.56–0.67) | 0.73 (0.62–0.86) | 0.77 (0.39–1.54) | 0.62 (0.50–0.75) | 0.63 (0.54–0.73) |
| P-value | <0.0001 | <0.00001 | 0.0002 | 0.46 | <0.00001 | <0.00001 |
| I2 statistic | 88% | 73% | 83% | 97% | 75% | 84% |
| EDO vs. WAR | ||||||
| No. of effect estimates | 2 | 3 | 3 | - | 2 | 3 |
| Crude event rates | 1.16 vs. 3.84% | 0.88 vs. 2.80% | 1.17 vs. 2.83% | - | 0.22 vs. 1.10% | 0.62 vs. 1.66% |
| HRs and 95% CIs | 0.71 (0.60–0.83) | 0.58 (0.45–0.74) | 0.67 (0.59–0.76) | - | 0.60 (0.25–1.44) | 0.65 (0.41–1.04) |
| P-value | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.00001 | - | 0.25 | 0.07 |
| I2 statistic | 0% | 68% | 0% | - | 95% | 90% |
SSE, stroke or systemic embolism; DA, dabigatran; RIV, rivaroxaban; API, apixaban; EDO, edoxaban; WAR, warfarin; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.