. 2021 Sep 14;100(12):101472. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101472

Table 3.

Results of analyses of difference in effect size across subgroups of data from studies measuring concentrations of challenge bacteria following phage administration to chickens,

Subgroup 1 Subgroup 1A	Effect size¹	Subgroup 1B	Effect size	Subgroup 1C		Effect size
All observations
Samples collected 0 to 7 d post-treatment	−0.99 ± 0.20^a	Samples collected 8 to 14 d post-treatment	−0.74 ± 0.20^a	Samples collected >14 d post-treatment		−0.59 ± 0.39^a
Adults	−1.15 ± 0.32^a	Chicks	−0.72 ± 0.15^a
Salmonella challenge	−0.95 ± 0.17^a	Campylobacter challenge	−0.60 ± 0.24^a
Prophylactic	−0.94 ± 0.21^a	Therapeutic	−0.69 ± 0.18^a
Single dose of phages	−0.82 ± 0.24^a	Multiple doses of phages	−0.83 ± 0.17^a
Gavage	−0.88 ± 0.21^ab	Feed	−1.05 ± 0.10^a	Water	−0.65 ± 0.12^b	Spray	−0.44 ± 0.21^b
Protected	−0.95 ± 0.23^a	Unprotected	−0.75 ± 0.17^a
Poly-phage	−0.84 ± 0.20^a	Single phage type	−0.80 ± 0.20^a
Adults
Samples collected 0 to 7 d post-treatment	−1.20 ± 0.36^a	Samples collected 8 to 14 d post-treatment	−0.84 ± 0.50^a	Samples collected >14 d post-treatment		–²
Chicks
Samples collected 0 to 7 d post-treatment	−0.83 ± 0.25^a	Samples collected 8 to 14 d post-treatment	−0.73 ± 0.22^a	Samples collected >14 d post-treatment		−0.59 ± 0.39^a
Salmonella challenge
Samples collected 0 to 7 d post-treatment	−1.01 ± 0.16^a	Samples collected 8 to 14 d post-treatment	−0.93 ± 0.27^a	Samples collected >14 d post-treatment		−1.01 ± 0.89^a
Adults	−0.77 ± 0.11^a	Chicks	−1.04 ± 0.24^a
Campylobacter challenge
Samples collected 0 to 7 d post-treatment	−1.09 ± 0.53^a	Samples collected 8 to 14 d post-treatment	−0.29 ± 0.07^a	Samples collected >14 d post-treatment		−0.37 ± 0.10^a
Adults	−2.13 ± 0.91^a	Chicks	−0.28 ± 0.05^b
Prophylactic
Samples collected 0 to 7 d post-treatment	−1.16 ± 0.20^a	Samples collected 8 to 14 d post-treatment	−0.89 ± 0.34^a	Samples collected >14 d post-treatment		−0.80 ± 0.69^a
Adults	−0.85 ± 0.09^a	Chicks	−0.96 ± 0.24^a
Therapeutic
Samples collected 0 to 7 d post-treatment	−0.92 ± 0.33^a	Samples collected 8 to 14 d post-treatment	−0.57 ± 0.16^a	Samples collected >14 d post-treatment		−0.42 ± 0.11^a
Adults	−1.27 ± 0.41^a	Chicks	−0.37 ± 0.08^b
Single dose of phages
Samples collected 0 to 7 d post-treatment	−1.17 ± 0.45^a	Samples collected 8 to 14 d post-treatment	−0.58 ± 0.09^a	Samples collected >14 d post-treatment		−0.50 ± 0.07^a
Adults	−1.54 ± 0.52^a	Chicks	−0.46 ± 0.09^b
Multiple doses of phages
Samples collected 0 to 7 d post-treatment	−0.93 ± 0.18^a	Samples collected 8 to 14 d post-treatment	−0.87 ± 0.31^a	Samples collected >14 d post-treatment		−0.67 ± 0.56^a
Adults	−0.72 ± 0.13^a	Chicks	−0.87 ± 0.21^a
Gavage
Samples collected 0 to 7 d post-treatment	−1.13 ± 0.29^a	Samples collected 8 to 14 d post-treatment	−0.82 ± 0.44^a	Samples collected >14 d post-treatment		−0.48 ± 0.44^a
Adults	−1.54 ± 0.52^a	Chicks	−0.70 ± 0.22^a
Feed
Samples collected 0 to 7 d post-treatment	−1.01 ± 0.14^a	Samples collected 8 to 14 d post-treatment	−0.94 ± 0.38^a	Samples collected >14 d post-treatment		−1.28 ± 0.40^a
Adults	−0.85 ± 0.09^b	Chicks	−1.15 ± 0.11^a
Water
Samples collected 0 to 7 d post-treatment	−0.36 ± 0.03^B	Samples collected 8 to 14 d post-treatment	−0.82 ± 0.08^A	Samples collected >14 d post-treatment		–²
Adults	−0.58 ± 0.25^a	Chicks	−0.69 ± 0.15^a
Spray³
Protected
Samples collected 0 to 7 d post-treatment	−1.18 ± 0.39^a	Samples collected 8 to 14 d post-treatment	−0.76 ± 0.40^a	Samples collected >14 d post-treatment		−0.70 ± 0.19^a
Adults	−1.54 ± 0.52^a	Chicks	−0.66 ± 0.19^a
Unprotected
Samples collected 0 to 7 d post-treatment	−0.87 ± 0.19^a	Samples collected 8 to 14 d post-treatment	−0.74 ± 0.25^a	Samples collected >14 d post-treatment		−0.61 ± 0.71^a
Adults	−0.72 ± 0.13^a	Chicks	−0.76 ± 0.22^a
Poly-phage
Samples collected 0 to 7 d post-treatment	−0.90 ± 0.23^a	Samples collected 8 to 14 d post-treatment	−0.87 ± 0.29^a	Samples collected >14 d post-treatment		−0.77 ± 0.90^a
Adults	−0.72 ± 0.13^a	Chicks	−0.89 ± 0.25^a
Single phage type
Samples collected 0 to 7 d post-treatment	−1.09 ± 0.35^a	Samples collected 8 to 14 d post-treatment	−0.57 ± 0.20^a	Samples collected >14 d post-treatment		−0.70 ± 0.28^a
Adults	−1.54 ± 0.52^a	Chicks	−0.62 ± 0.14^a

All effect sizes are given as log₁₀ cfu/g ± SE.

No inputs available.

All inputs in this subgroup involved the same sampling time and experimental bird age.

^a,b

Means within a row lacking a common superscript differ significantly (P < 0.05).

^A,B

Means within a row lacking a common superscript differ significantly (P < 0.01).