Table 2.
Neurodevelopmental/psychiatric disorders in girls and women with Turner syndrome compared with age-matched controls (1:100 controls)
| Diagnoses | Turner syndrome N (%) | Matched controls N (%) | OR (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any neurodevelopmental disorders/psychiatric disorders | 283 (20.33) | 21948 (15.77) | 1.37 (1.20–1.57) | < .0001 |
| Mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use | 30 (2.16) | 4635 (3.33) | 0.64 (0.44–0.92) | 0.0091 |
| Schizophrenia and related disorders (including schizophrenia schizoaffective disorder) | 29 (2.08) | 1493 (1.07) | 1.98 (1.36–2.88) | 0.0012 |
| Mood disorders (including bipolar, single, and recurrent depressive disorder) | 79 (5.68) | 8606 (6.18) | 0.91 (0.72–1.15) | 0.4252 |
| Suicide attempt | 19 (1.36) | 2158 (1.55) | 0.88 (0.56–1.39) | 0.5682 |
| Anxiety disorders (including dissociative, stress-related, and somatoform disorders) | 96 (6.90) | 11210 (8.05) | 0.84 (0.68–1.04) | 0.1034 |
| Eating disorders | 32 (2.30) | 1609 (1.16) | 2.03 (1.42–2.91) | 0.0004 |
| Disorders of adult personality and behavior | 17 (1.22) | 1720 (1.24) | 0.99 (0.61–1.60) | 0.9613 |
| Mental retardation (ID) | 62 (4.45) | 760 (0.55) | 8.59 (6.58–11.20) | < .0001 |
| Pervasive developmental disorders (ASD) | 30 (2.16) | 726 (0.52) | 4.26 (2.94–6.18) | < .0001 |
| Hyperkinetic disorders (ADHD) | 22 (1.58) | 1732 (1.24) | 1.28 (0.83–1.96) | 0.2771 |
| Behavioral and emotional disorders with onset in childhood | 26 (1.87) | 1319 (0.95) | 2.01 (1.35–2.99) | 0.0017 |
OR odds ratio, ID intellectual disability, ASD autism spectrum disorder, ADHD attention deficit hyperactivity disorder