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. 2022 Feb 1;298(Pt A):1–8. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.117

Table 3.

Predictors of a further increase or a sustained increase in gambling frequency during eased lockdown (30 July to 7 August 2020) in those who had increased gambling frequency during strict lockdown (March to early June 2020) (N = 556).

OR 95% CI P
Gender Female
Male 1.48 0.89 2.46 0.128
Age group 18–29
30–59 2.19 0.62 7.75 0.223
60+ 0.84 0.47 1.50 0.560
Ethnicity White
Ethnic minority groups 3.64 1.23 10.79 0.020
Employment Inactive
Employed 0.97 0.50 1.88 0.926
Student 0.02 0.00 0.28 0.004
Unemployed 0.72 0.20 2.63 0.621
Education Postgraduate
Undergraduate 1.29 0.70 2.38 0.417
A levels or vocational training 2.40 1.16 4.97 0.019
Up to GCSE 3.14 1.54 6.39 0.002
Household income £30,000- £59,999
< £16,000 0.88 0.41 1.90 0.746
£16,000- £29,999 0.66 0.34 1.29 0.222
> £60,000 1.39 0.72 2.69 0.324
Housing Not overcrowded
Living alone 0.97 0.51 1.83 0.920
Overcrowded 0.70 0.32 1.55 0.379
Stress from boredom None
Present 0.64 0.26 1.55 0.320
Alcohol use None
Low frequency 0.78 0.43 1.44 0.431
High frequency 1.38 0.74 2.55 0.310
Smoking status Non-smoker
Former smoker 1.23 0.70 2.15 0.464
Current smoker 2.72 1.16 6.37 0.021
Anxiety None
Present 0.60 0.28 1.32 0.208
Depression None
Present 0.71 0.36 1.38 0.305
Financial adversity None
Present 1.14 0.59 2.22 0.698
Financial worries None
Present 1.21 0.61 2.41 0.591
Isolation Not isolating
Fully isolating 0.67 0.40 1.12 0.123
Risk-taking Low
High 0.97 0.58 1.61 0.897

Note. Dashes indicate reference group. Outcome is “same amount or increased” vs “no gambling or decreased" [compared to June/July] as gambling during eased lockdown (30 July to 7 August 2020) compared to strict lockdown.