Table 4.

Group differences

	Age							Gender
	50–60		> 60		t-test			Women		Men		t-test
	M	SD	M	SD	1–β	p	d	M	SD	M	SD	1–β	p	d
Self-esteem	4.86	0.581	4.61	0.731	0.787	0.006	0.37	4.69	0.667	4.89	0.588	0.689	0.014	0.31
Psychological coping	4.65	0.577	4.59	0.650	0.112	0.468	0.09	4.60	0.567	4.67	0.617	0.153	0.353	0.14
Meaning of life	4.55	0.638	4.38	0.776	0.388	0.130	0.23	4.50	0.685	4.51	0.675	0.053	0.874	0.01
Personal goal achievement	4.68	0.866	4.35	0.965	0.695	0.014	0.35	4.37	1.02	4.77	0.743	0.977	0.001	0.44
Competition	4.33	1.20	3.59	1.50	0.972	0.001	0.54	3.96	1.40	4.28	1.23	0.467	0.065	0.24
Showing recognition	4.37	1.04	3.87	1.15	0.879	0.002	0.45	4.08	1.17	4.37	1.01	0.552	0.040	0.26
Affiliation motives	4.13	1.07	3.63	1.33	0.840	0.009	0.41	3.82	1.31	4.15	1.01	0.587	0.035	0.28
General health orientation	4.85	0.608	4.81	0.627	0.072	0.666	0.06	4.86	0.563	4.83	0.650	0.069	0.685	0.04
Weight concern	4.64	0.905	5.06	0.914	0.878	0.002	0.46	4.99	0.695	4.55	1.03	0.962	0.000	0.50

T-TEST comparisons among MOMS’ nine dimensions and older adult athletes’ ages, and gender