Table 3.
Comparison between healthcare quality and patient safety grades and patient safety culture composite scores
| Patient Centred | Effective | Timely | Efficient | Equitable | Overall Rating on Patient Safety | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | b | c | a | b | c | a | b | c | a | b | c | a | b | c | a | b | c | |||||||
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Sig. | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Sig. | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Sig. | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Sig. | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Sig. | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Sig. | |
| Teamwork | 3.52 (0.56) | 3.82 (0.35) | 3.90 (0.27) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.54 (0.58) | 3.80 (0.37) | 3.89 (0.26) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.62 (0.53) | 3.81 (0.36) | 3.89 (0.27) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.61 (0.53) | 3.80 (0.38) | 3.90 (0.26) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.65 (0.51) | 3.81 (0.36) | 3.87 (0.30) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.46 (0.58) | 3.78 (0.39) | 3.90 (0.25) | a-b* a-c* b-c* |
| Work Pressure and Pace | 2.45 (0.82) | 2.56 (0.73) | 2.68 (0.74) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 2.49 (0.80) | 2.55 (0.73) | 2.66 (0.75) | a-c* b-c* | 2.41 (0.77) | 2.55 (0.71) | 2.70 (0.76) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 2.42 (0.81) | 2.56 (0.72) | 2.69 (0.74) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 2.47 (0.75) | 2.59 (0.72) | 2.65 (0.76) | a-b* a-c* b-c | 2.36 (0.80) | 2.52 (0.74) | 2.69 (0.73) | a-b* a-c* b-c* |
| Staff Training | 3.17 (0.71) | 2.56 (0.73) | 3.74 (0.51) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.19 (0.74) | 3.52 (0.61) | 3.73 (0.52) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.30 (0.70) | 3.54 (0.59) | 3.72 (0.54) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.25 (0.73) | 3.53 (0.60) | 3.74 (0.51) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.32 (0.68) | 3.53 (0.59) | 3.70 (0.56) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.09 (0.74) | 3.46 (0.63) | 3.75 (0.50) | a-b* a-c* b-c* |
| Office Processes and Standardisation | 2.97 (0.71) | 3.43 (0.63) | 3.70 (0.56) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.02 (0.75) | 3.39 (0.63) | 3.69 (0.57) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.12 (0.72) | 3.42 (0.62) | 3.69 (0.58) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.03 (0.73) | 3.42 (0.62) | 3.70 (0.56) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.17 (0.73) | 3.45 (0.60) | 3.63 (0.61) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 2.78 (0.72) | 3.34 (0.62) | 3.72 (0.54) | a-b* a-c* b-c* |
| Communication Openness | 2.99 (0.78) | 3.34 (0.71) | 3.66 (0.70) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 2.96 (0.78) | 3.31 (0.73) | 3.66 (0.69) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.12 (0.80) | 3.35 (0.71) | 3.63 (0.71) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.04 (0.81) | 3.35 (0.71) | 3.65 (0.69) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.06 (0.78) | 3.34 (0.69) | 3.62 (0.71) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 2.81 (0.77) | 3.27 (0.71) | 3.67 (0.67) | a-b* a-c* b-c* |
| Patient Care Tracking/Follow-up | 3.18 (0.66) | 3.56 (0.54) | 3.76 (0.39) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.20 (0.69) | 3.55 (0.53) | 3.74 (0.41) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.30 (0.67) | 3.56 (0.51) | 3.74 (0.43) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.24 (0.66) | 3.57 (0.52) | 3.74 (0.42) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.38 (0.63) | 3.56 (0.53) | 3.70 (0.46) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.15 (0.68) | 3.50 (0.57) | 3.75 (0.41) | a-b* a-c* b-c* |
| Communication about Error | 2.99 (0.65) | 3.32 (0.57) | 3.52 (0.55) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 2.99 (0.65) | 3.30 (0.57) | 3.53 (0.54) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.08 (0.64) | 3.35 (0.57) | 3.50 (0.55) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.05 (0.65) | 3.31 (0.58) | 3.53 (0.53) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.14 (0.65) | 3.35 (0.59) | 3.47 (0.56) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 2.83 (0.62) | 3.27 (0.58) | 3.53 (0.53) | a-b* a-c* b-c* |
| Leadership Support for Patient Safety | 2.94 (0.81) | 3.24 (0.67) | 3.55 (0.75) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.02 (0.82) | 3.22 (0.70) | 3.54 (0.75) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.07 (0.79) | 3.22 (0.69) | 3.54 (0.75) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.01 (0.81) | 3.26 (0.68) | 3.54 (0.75) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.12 (0.76) | 3.22 (0.69) | 3.50 (0.77) | a-b a-c* b-c* | 2.78 (0.78) | 3.18 (0.67) | 3.56 (0.73) | a-b* a-c* b-c* |
| Organisational Learning | 3.31 (0.66) | 3.68 (0.48) | 3.83 (0.37) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.31 (0.66) | 3.67 (0.49) | 3.83 (0.37) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.44 (0.64) | 3.68 (0.48) | 3.82 (0.38) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.36 (0.64) | 3.68 (0.49) | 3.83 (0.36) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.46 (0.63) | 3.68 (0.50) | 3.79 (0.41) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.17 (0.67) | 3.64 (0.49) | 3.84 (0.35) | a-b* a-c* b-c* |
| Overall Perceptions of Patient Safety and Quality | 3.04 (0.76) | 3.25 (0.67) | 3.55 (0.79) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 2.99 (0.75) | 3.23 (0.68) | 3.57 (0.78) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.05 (0.75) | 3.25 (0.69) | 3.56 (0.77) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.06 (0.73) | 3.25 (0.70) | 3.55 (0.78) | a-b* a-c* b-c* | 3.17 (0.76) | 3.25 (0.72) | 3.48 (0.78) | a-c* b-c* | 2.86 (0.77) | 3.20 (0.66) | 3.56 (0.76) | a-b* a-c* b-c* |
Composites scored ranging from 1 to 5.
a: Poor or Fair rating group b: Good rating group c: Excellent or Very Good rating group.
SD: Standard deviation Sig.: Significant difference between groups (p-value ≤ .05) * (p-value ≤ .001).