Table 3.
Factors influencing knowledge
| Characteristic | Knowledge score | p value |
|---|---|---|
| Professional category, mean (± SD) | ||
| GP | 49 (15) | 0.16 |
| Resident | 56 (14) | |
| Specialist | 61 (14) | |
| Hospital, mean (± SD) | ||
| General Hospital | 59 (13) | 0.64 |
| Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatrics Hospital | 58 (13) | |
| Teaching Hospital | 58 (13) | |
| Central Hospital | 54 (15) | |
| Experience as medical officer mean (± SD) | ||
| ≤ 3 years | 53 (15) | 0.19 |
| > 3 years | 58 (13) | |
| Experience as specialist, mean (± SD) | ||
| ≤ 3 years | 60 (14) | 0.53 |
| > 3 years | 64 (11) | |
| Years of residency mean (± SD) | ||
| ≤ 2 years | 54 (13) | 0.38 |
| > 2 years | 58 (14) | |
| Previous training on dosing and duration of antibiotic therapy, mean (± SD) | ||
| Yes | 57 (14) | 0.83 |
| No | 56 (14) | |
| Previous training on principles of infection prevention and control, mean (± SD) | ||
| Yes | 58 (17) | 0.54 |
| No | 56 (14) | |
| Personal previous experience, mean (± SD) | ||
| Do not influence at all/do not influence | 56 (14) | 0.61 |
| Neutral | 52 (15) | |
| Influence/strongly influence | 60 (19) | |
| Perceptions and attitudes | ||
| Patient reassurance, mean (± SD) | ||
| Do not influence at all/ do not influence | 67 (12) | 0.01 |
| Neutral | 62 (13) | |
| Influence/strongly influence | 53 (13) | |
| Antibiotic resistance profile in the hospital/ward, mean (± SD) | ||
| Do not influence at all/ do not influence | 56 (13) | 0.07 |
| Neutral | 60 (14) | |
| Influence/strongly influence | 40 (17) | |
| Risk of missing an infection, mean (± SD) | ||
| Do not influence at all/ do not influence | 55 (14) | 0.27 |
| Neutral | 54 (14) | |
| Influence/strongly influence | 61 (13) | |
| Patient immunocompromised or critically ill, mean (± SD) | ||
| Do not influence at all/ do not influence | 57 (14) | 0.27 |
| Neutral | 57 (15) | |
| Influence/strongly influence | 43 (15) | |
| Pharmaceutical firms pressure, mean (± SD) | ||
| Do not influence at all/ do not influence | 56 (12) | 0.95 |
| Neutral | 57 (14) | |
| Influence/strongly influence | 56 (15) | |
| Antibiotic overuse in Cameroon, mean (± SD) | ||
| Strongly disagree/disagree | 56 (14) | 0.51 |
| Neutral | 45 (7) | |
| Agree/strongly agree | 60 (-) | |
| Antibiotic overuse in the hospital, mean (± SD) | ||
| Strongly disagree/disagree | 56 (15) | 0.66 |
| Neutral | 58 (13) | |
| Agree/strongly agree | 54 (13) | |
| Antibiotic overuse in ward* | 0.30 | |
| Strongly disagree/disagree | 60 (13) | |
| Neutral | 56 (15) | |
| Agree/strongly agree | 54 (14) | |
| Antibiotic resistance in Cameroon | ||
| Strongly disagree/disagree | 56 (14) | 0.88 |
| Neutral | 60 (20) | |
| Agree/strongly agree | 57 (6) | |
| Antibiotic resistance in hospital | ||
| Strongly disagree/disagree | 57 (14) | 0.38 |
| Neutral | 53 (14) | |
| Agree/strongly agree (11) | 59 (12) | |
| Antibiotic resistance in ward | ||
| Strongly disagree/disagree | 57 (14) | 0.95 |
| Neutral | 56 (14) | |
| Agree/strongly agree | 56 (14) | |
| Resources used for antibiotic prescribing | ||
| Infectious diseases specialist, mean (± SD) | ||
| Not familiar/never | 57 (13) | 0.69 |
| Rarely | 55 (16) | |
| Sometimes/Often | 53 (14) | |
| Other consultants, mean (± SD) | ||
| Not familiar/never | 55 (13) | 0.73 |
| Rarely | 58 (15) | |
| Sometimes/Often | 54 (18) | |
| Other colleagues, mean (± SD) | ||
| Not familiar/never | 55 (15) | 0.51 |
| Rarely | 58 (12) | |
| Textbooks, mean (± SD) | ||
| Not familiar/never | 58 (13) | 0.01 |
| Rarely | 40 (12) | |
| WHO guidelines, mean (± SD) | ||
| Not familiar/never | 57 (14) | 0.73 |
| Rarely | 54 (16) | |
| Sometimes/Often | 50 (0) | |
| Learned society guidelines, mean (± SD) | ||
| Not familiar/never | 57 (13) | 0.21 |
| Rarely | 48 (24) | |
| iPad/smart phone apps, mean (± SD) | ||
| Not familiar/never | 55 (14) | 0.56 |
| Rarely | 59 (15) | |
| Sometimes/Often | 58 (13) | |
| Ward round | ||
| Not helpful at all/not helpful | 55 (14) | 0.52 |
| Neutral | 61 (11) | |
| Helpful/very helpful | 60 (-) | |
| Conferences | ||
| Not helpful at all/not helpful | 56 (14) | 0.52 |
| Neutral | 60 (10) | |
| Pharmaceutical representatives | ||
| Not helpful at all/not helpful | 60 (12) | 0.15 |
| Neutral | 53 (16) | |
| Helpful/very helpful | 52 (12) | |
GP general practitioner; SD standard derivation