Table 3.

Results of the longitudinal mixed-effects analyses of baseline hyperuricemia status with cognitive function; the Rancho Bernardo Study(n=1,634)

		Women		Men		P for sex
	Model	β (S.E)	p-value	β (S.E)	p-value	interaction
MMSE
Hyperuricemia	Min	0.25 (0.19)	.19	−0.70 (0.27)	.009 b	.001
Time × Hyperuricemia	Min	−0.01 (0.03)	.71	0.06 (0.04)	.14	.07
Hyperuricemia	Full	0.16 (0.20)	.43	−0.84 (0.27)	.002 b	.001
Time × Hyperuricemia	Full	−0.01 (0.03)	.62	0.05 (0.04)	.15	.07
Trails B
Hyperuricemia	Min	5.57 (5.56)	.32	1.98 (6.16)	.75	.57
Time × Hyperuricemia	Min	−0.02 (0.92)	.98	0.83 (0.79)	.30	.44
Hyperuricemia	Full	2.50 (6.00)	.67	7.35 (6.18)	.24	.85
Time × Hyperuricemia	Full	0.15 (0.92)	.87	0.89 (0.79)	.26	.49
Category fluency
Hyperuricemia	Min	−0.26 (0.42)	.54	−0.32 (0.59)	.59	.89
Time × Hyperuricemia	Min	0.03 (0.06)	.60	0.11 (0.07)	.12	.42
Hyperuricemia	Full	−0.10 (0.43)	.82	−0.40 (0.60)	.50	.79
Time × Hyperuricemia	Full	0.03 (0.06)	.64	0.10 (0.07)	.13	.41
Buschke total recall
Hyperuricemia	Min	2.92 (1.61)	.07	1.80 (1.86)	.33	.78
Time × Hyperuricemia	Min	−0.30 (0.18)	.11	−0.31 (0.21)	.14	.96
Hyperuricemia	Full	2.68 (1.62)	.11	1.32 (1.88)	.48	.85
Time × Hyperuricemia	Full	−0.29 (0.18)	.12	−0.33 (0.20)	.12	.89

Abbreviations: MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; Trails B, Trail-Making Test B

“Hyperuricemia” term represents the association between hyperuricemia and cognitive test performance at baseline. “Time × Hyperuricemia” term represents the association between hyperuricemia on the rate of change in cognitive test performance.

Hyperuricemia was defined as SUA ≥ 6.8 mg/dl for men and SUA ≥ 6.0 mg/dl for women.

Minimal models (Min): Adjusted for baseline age, time², and education.

Full models (Full): Added adjustment for BMI, smoking, daily alcohol intake, exercise 3 or more times per week, hypertension, diabetes, stroke, antihyperuricemic medication use, and lipid-lowering medication use.

^bq-value < 0.05