Table 4. Results for baseline and final assessments with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the Visual Analog Sleep Scales (VAS) in the two groups.
Variable/group/time | n | Mean (SD) | p-value* | Difference from baseline to final, mean (SD) | Comparison between EG and CG (p-value) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anxiety symptoms | |||||
EG | |||||
1 | 14 | 18.21 (11.6) | 0.02* | -8.64 (9.6) | 0.80 |
2 | 11 | 8.45 (6.6) | |||
CG | |||||
1 | 17 | 15.94 (11.8) | < 0.01* | -8 (9.4) | |
2 | 14 | 6.57 (8.5) | |||
Depressive symptoms | |||||
EG | |||||
1 | 14 | 18.64 (6.6) | 0.06 | -5.91 (7.6) | 0.46 |
2 | 11 | 13.09 (8.0) | |||
CG | |||||
1 | 17 | 17.06 (10.4) | < 0.01* | -8.5 (7.8) | |
2 | 14 | 8.93 (8.4) | |||
Sleep disturbances | |||||
EG | |||||
1 | 14 | 26.91 (11.6) | 0.99 | -0.73 (15.5) | 0.27 |
2 | 11 | 26.18 (18.2) | |||
CG | |||||
1 | 17 | 26.57 (21.1) | 0.27 | -9.93 (21.2) | |
2 | 14 | 16.64 (14.0) | |||
Sleep effectiveness | |||||
EG | |||||
1 | 14 | 9.27 (5.5) | 0.40 | 3.73 (10.6) | 0.37 |
2 | 11 | 13.00 (10.2) | |||
CG | |||||
1 | 17 | 9.86 (11.4) | 0.56 | -1 (11.1) | |
2 | 14 | 8.86 (9.3) | |||
Sleep supplementation | |||||
EG | |||||
1 | 14 | 5.64 (7.2) | 0.77 | -0.64 (8) | 0.54 |
2 | 11 | 5.00 (6.0) | |||
CG | |||||
1 | 17 | 4.71 (6.3) | 0.07 | -3.5 (6.5) | |
2 | 14 | 1.21 (2.0) |
CG = control group; EG = experimental group; SD = standard deviation; time 1 = baseline assessment; time 2 = final assessment.
Statistically significant difference.