Table 2.
Urethral function and support comparison between changes associated with birth and those associated with stress urinary incontinence (Adapted from DeLancey, 2007)
| Nulliparous Continent (NC) n=80 |
Primiparous Continent (PC) n=80 |
Primiparous Incontinent (PI) n=80 |
“SUI” PC vs. PI |
“Birth” NC vs. PC |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Effect size* |
|||||
| URETHRAL FUNCTION | |||||
| Maximal urethral closure pressure (cmH2O) | 90.3 ± 25.0 | 83.9 ± 21.0 | 62.9 ± 25.2 | 0.91 | - |
| Length of striated urethral sphincter (mm) on MRI | 9.8 ± 3.8 | 10.2 ± 3.9 | 8.4 ± 4.6 | 0.42 | - |
| Length of urethra (mm) on MRI | 29.4 ± 3.3 | 30.2 ± 3.7 | 28.7 ± 5.7 | 0.31 | - |
| URETHRAL SUPPORT | |||||
| Urethral Mobility: Supine Posture (Q-tip) (degrees) | |||||
| Rest | −3.0 ± 8.9 | −0.2 ± 9.5 | 5.4 ± 13.3 | 0.48 | - |
| Valsalva | 27.2 ± 17.8 | 39.1 ± 17.5 | 51.0 ± 17.3 | 0.68 | 0.67 |
| Kegel | −16.1 ± 12.1 | −14.6 ± 13.0 | −8.2 ± 17.2 | 0.42 | - |
SUI, stress urinary incontinence; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging.
Data presented as mean and standard deviation.
*
Effect size (Cohen’s d) listed when P<.05.