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. 2021 Oct 29;12:6264. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-26516-0

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — a Timeline of daily intraperitoneal (ip) injection of either Resolvin-D2 (RvD2, 5 μg/kg/day), prednisone (pred, 2 mg/kg/day) or vehicle (ctrl) into mdx mice. b, e Hang test performance (time mice can hold on an inverted grid) of mdx mice following daily ip treatment for 7 days (b) (Ctrl vs. Pred, p = 0.7962; Ctrl vs. RvD2, p < 0.0001; Pred vs. RvD2, p < 0.0001), and 21 days (e) (Ctrl vs. Pred, p = 0.9931; Ctrl vs. RvD2, p = 0.0058; Pred vs. RvD2, p = 0.0059). c, f Isometric contractile properties of EDL muscles showing the peak tetanic force following 7 days (c) (150 Hz: Ctrl vs. Pred, p = 0.3439; Ctrl vs. RvD2, p < 0.0001; Pred vs. RvD2, p < 0.0001) or 21 days (f) of treatment (150 Hz: Ctrl vs. Pred, p = 0.5265; Ctrl vs. RvD2, p = 0.0004; Pred vs. RvD2, p = 0.0027) and d, g specific muscle force of EDL muscle of mdx mice treated for 7 days (d) (150 Hz: Ctrl vs. Pred, p = 0.0634; Ctrl vs. RvD2, p < 0.0001; Pred vs. RvD2, p = 0.0027), or 21 days (g) (150 Hz: Ctrl vs. Pred, p = 0.8125; Ctrl vs. RvD2, p = 0.0003; Pred vs. RvD2, p = 0.0007). h Timeline of weekly ip injection of either RvD2 (5 μg/kg), prednisone (2 mg/kg) or vehicle into mdx mice. i, j Isometric contractile properties of EDL muscles showing the peak tetanic force (i) (150 Hz: Ctrl vs. Pred, p = 0.1908; Ctrl vs. RvD2, p = 0.0028; Pred vs. RvD2, p = 0.0697), and specific force (j) (150 Hz: Ctrl vs. Pred, p = 0.1537; Ctrl vs. RvD2, p = 0.0007; Pred vs. RvD2, p = 0.0318) of mdx mice treated weekly for 21 days. k Timeline of weekly ip injection of O-1918 (Gpr18 antagonist; 2 mg/kg) alone or prior to the injection of RvD2 (5 μg/kg) or vehicle. l, m Isometric contractile properties of EDL muscles showing the peak tetanic force (l) (150 Hz: Ctrl vs. O-1918, p = 0.2004; Ctrl vs. RvD2 + O-1918, p = 0.7759; Ctrl vs. RvD2, p < 0.0001; RvD2 + O-1918 vs. RvD2, p < 0.0001), and specific force (m) (150 Hz: Ctrl vs. O-1918, p = 0.7553; Ctrl vs. RvD2 + O-1918, p = 0.3862; Ctrl vs. RvD2, p < 0.0001; RvD2 + O-1918 vs. RvD2, p < 0.0001) of mdx mice treated weekly for 21 days. b–j RvD2 = blue triangles, pred = red squares, and Ctrl = black circles. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, n = 4 (except n = 3 for i, j, l, and m) mice per group/time-point. Experiments were performed in technical duplicates using one-way (b, e) or two-way (c, d, f, g, i, j, l, and m) ANOVA uncorrected Fisher’s LSD test. All data were analyzed with a 95% confidence interval. **p < 0.01; ****p < 0.0001 for b and e. *p < 0.05 compared with the vehicle, and †p < 0.05 compared with prednisone for c, d, f, g, i, and j. *p < 0.05 for RvD2 compared with either Ctrl or O-1918 or RvD2 + O-1918 (l, m).