Fig. 3.

Amino acid regulation signalling network for digestive enzyme secretion in pancreatic acinar cells of dairy cows. The green arrow represents the promotion, and the black line represents the inhibition. IRS = insulin receptor; P = phosphorylation; PI3K = phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase; GCN2 = general AA control repressor 2; Akt = RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase; mTOR1 = mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1; TCA = tricarboxylic acid cycle; OXPHOS = oxidative phosphorylation; SEC = secretory; S6K = S6 kinase; 4E-BP1 = eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1; AF = action factor.