Table 1.
Measurement of clinical parameters and expression of biomarkers in all four study groups.
| Variable | Group I (n = 17) | Group II (n = 17) | Group III (n = 17) | Group IV (n = 17) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plaque Index (PI) | 0.33 ± 0.09 | 1.85 ± 0.31 | 0.31 ± 0.07 | 2.33 ± 0.18 |
| Bleeding Index (mSBI) | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 1.67 ± 0.39 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 2.20 ± 0.25 |
| PPD (mm) | 1.83 ± 0.23 | 5.00 ± 0.59 | 2.10 ± 0.25 | 6.03 ± 0.44 |
| CAL (mm) | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 5.88 ± 0.71 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 6.68 ± 0.72 |
| Number of teeth present | 30.76 ± 1.09 | 28.94 ± 2.58 | 29.53 ± 1.73 | 25.12 ± 5.17 |
| HbA1c (%) | NA | NA | 6.82 ± 0.23 | 7.29 ± 0.45 |
| sTREM-1 (ng/L) | 75.63 ± 13.77 | 106.14 ± 13.02 | 109.16 ± 18.41 | 138.83 ± 14.89 |
| IL-1β (pg/ml) | 15.67 ± 3.39 | 28.84 ± 4.28 | 28.26 ± 6.07 | 39.19 ± 7.20 |
| MMP-8 (pg/ml) | 85.83 ± 22.32 | 147.16 ± 15.25 | 170.95 ± 32.12 | 201.15 ± 50.32 |