Fig. 5.

Temporary immersion bioreactosr (TIBs) for somatic embryogenesis of hybrid larch (Larix × eurolepis Henry). A and B. Proliferation of PEMs. C. Double-staining of a PEM showing blue suspensor cells and red meristematic cells in the embryonic region. D, E. Maturation of somatic embryos. F. close-up of cotyledonary embryo. G, H, I, K. Different systems for germination of somatic embryos: 92 × 16 mm deep Petri plate (G), 150 × 20 mm Petri plate (H), horizontal TIB where the cotyledonary embryos are placed on the horizontal surface of the bottom of the TIB (I) and vertical TIB in which the cotyledonary embryos are placed in vertical position inside tubes (K). J and L. Larch plantlets in horizontal TIB and vertical TIB, respectively. M. SE plants grown in the greenhouse 15 months after transplanting from in vitro culture. EC, embryogenic cells stained with acetocarmine; SC, suspensor cells stained with Evan's Blue. Scale bar: 1 cm.