Fig. 1.

SADS-CoV infection activates the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in cultured cells. (A and B) Vero E6 and IPI-2I cells were serum-starved for 24 h before mock infected or infected with SADS-CoV at MOI = 0.1 and at different times or at different MOIs at 24 hpi. Cells were cultured in DMEM with 0.25% trypsin during the whole SADS-CoV infection. (C) Vero E6 and IPI-2I cells were mock infected or infected with UV-SADS-CoV at MOI = 0.1 at different times. Western blotting analysis with an antibody specific for phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2), ERK1/2, or SADS-CoV N protein. GAPDH was used as the internal loading control. Fold changes in the (p-ERK1/2)/(total ERK1/2) ratio are plotted. Results are representative means of three independent experiments, and error bars denote SD.