Table 2. Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes by Demographic Characteristics, Overall and by Community Type.
| Variable | All community types | High-density urban | Low-density urban | Suburban or small town | Rural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participants, No. | Incidence, % (95% CI) | Participants, No. | Incidence, % (95% CI) | Participants, No. | Incidence, % (95% CI) | Participants, No. | Incidence, % (95% CI) | Participants, No. | Incidence, % (95% CI) | |
| Individual-level | 539 369 | 13.2 (13.1-13.2) | 68 286 | 14.3 (14.2-14.4) | 197 583 | 13.1 (13.0-13.1) | 11 603 | 12.6 (12.5-12.6) | 157 897 | 13.2 (13.2-13.3) |
| Age categories, y | ||||||||||
| 19-39 | 21 131 | 3.3 (3.2-3.3) | 2863 | 3.4 (3.3-3.5) | 8441 | 3.4 (3.3-3.5) | 4671 | 3.1 (3.0-3.2) | 5156 | 3.1 (3.0-3.2) |
| 40-59 | 178 302 | 14.9 (14.9-15.0) | 26 289 | 16.7 (16.5-16.9) | 67 774 | 15.1 (15.0-15.2) | 37 076 | 14.1 (14.0-14.2) | 47 163 | 14.5 (14.4-14.6) |
| 60-79 | 288 836 | 17.0 (16.9-17.0) | 32 555 | 18.6 (18.4-18.8) | 101 285 | 17.1 (17.0-17.2) | 62 840 | 16.4 (16.3-16.5) | 92 156 | 16.7 (16.6-16.8) |
| ≥80 | 51 096 | 9.2 (9.1-9.3) | 6577 | 10.6 (10.3-10.8) | 20 082 | 9.1 (8.9-9.2) | 11 015 | 8.9 (8.8-9.1) | 13 422 | 9.0 (8.9-9.2) |
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Male | 512 920 | 13.6 (13.5-13.6) | 64 485 | 14.8 (14.6-14.9) | 186 691 | 13.5 (13.5-13.6) | 109 884 | 13.0 (12.9-13.0) | 151 860 | 13.6 (13.5-13.7) |
| Female | 26 439 | 8.2 (8.1-8.3) | 3797 | 9.1 (8.9-9.4) | 10 890 | 8.4 (8.3-8.6) | 5717 | 7.9 (7.7-8.1) | 6035 | 7.7 (7.6-7.9) |
| Race and ethnicity | ||||||||||
| Hispanic | 24 236 | 12.8 (12.7-13.0) | 5684 | 12.8 (12.5-13.1) | 11 099 | 12.8 (12.6-13.0) | 4332 | 12.2 (11.9-12.6) | 3121 | 13.6 (13.2-14.1) |
| Non-Hispanic | ||||||||||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 4046 | 14.2 (13.8-14.6) | 407 | 14.4 (13.1-15.7) | 1275 | 13.9 (13.2-14.6) | 809 | 13.2 (12.3-14.0) | 1555 | 15.1 (14.4-15.7) |
| Asian | 4473 | 12.8 (12.5-13.2) | 1396 | 13.3 (12.7-14.0) | 2036 | 12.9 (12.4-13.5) | 771 | 12.6 (11.7-13.4) | 270 | 10.9 (9.7-12.1) |
| Black | 99 013 | 16.9 (16.8-17.0) | 24 457 | 17.8 (17.6-18.0) | 44 163 | 16.9 (16.8-17.0) | 16 712 | 16.0 (15.8-16.2) | 13 681 | 16.8 (16.5-17.0) |
| Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander | 4250 | 15.0 (14.6-15.4) | 716 | 16.0 (15.0-17.1) | 1738 | 14.8 (14.2-15.4) | 868 | 14.1 (13.2-15.0) | 928 | 15.6 (14.6-16.5) |
| White | 359 649 | 12.9 (12.9-13.0) | 30 388 | 13.4 (13.2-13.5) | 121 161 | 12.7 (12.6-12.8) | 82,752 | 12.5 (12.4-12.6) | 125 348 | 13.3 (13.2-13.4) |
| Income and disability | ||||||||||
| Disability | 192 341 | 13.7 (13.6-13.8) | 21 635 | 15.0 (14.9-15.2) | 72 770 | 13.7 (13.7-13.8) | 43 542 | 13.0 (12.9-13.1) | 54 394 | 13.7 (13.6-13.9) |
| Low income | 214 927 | 14.1 (14.0-14.1) | 34 199 | 15.2 (15.0-15.3) | 78 847 | 14.1 (14.0-14.2) | 41 602 | 13.5 (13.3-13.6) | 60 279 | 13.9 (13.8-14.0) |
| None of the above | 127 074 | 11.5 (11.5-11.6) | 11 729 | 11.8 (11.6-12.0) | 44 083 | 11.3 (11.2-11.3) | 29 384 | 11.2 (11.1-11.4) | 41 878 | 12.0 (11.9-12.1) |
| Neighborhood level | ||||||||||
| NSEE quartiles | ||||||||||
| First (most advantaged) | 112 131 | 11.8 (11.8-11.9) | 15 792 | 12.5 (12.3-12.7) | 36 916 | 11.5 (11.4-11.6) | 23 875 | 11.4 (11.3-11.6) | 35 548 | 12.2 (12.1-12.3) |
| Second | 143 403 | 12.7 (12.6-12.7) | 18 662 | 13.8 (13.6-14.0) | 51 285 | 12.4 (12.3-12.5) | 32 080 | 12.2 (12.1-12.4) | 41 376 | 12.9 (12.8-13.0) |
| Third | 152 035 | 13.4 (13.4-13.5) | 17 372 | 15.0 (14.8-15.2) | 57 129 | 13.3 (13.2-13.4) | 33 849 | 12.8 (12.7-13.0) | 43 685 | 13.6 (13.4-13.7) |
| Fourth (least advantaged) | 131 638 | 14.8 (14.7-14.9) | 16 423 | 16.3 (16.1-16.5) | 52 166 | 15.1 (15-15.2) | 25 778 | 14.0 (13.8-14.2) | 37 271 | 14.4 (14.3-14.5) |
Abbreviation: NSEE, neighborhood social and economic environment.