Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies
| Author details | Year of publication | Design | Region of study | Study population | Age group | Setting | Sample size (n) | Diagnosis | HBsAg+ (%) | Quality grade |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aba and Aminu [65] | 2016 | Cross-sectional | North West | Pregnant women | 16–50 | Urban | 800 | ELISA | 3.9 | 8 |
| Abulude et al. [66] | 2017 | Cross-sectional | North West | Pregnant women | NS | Urban | 160 | ELISA | 6.9 | 6 |
| Adegbesan-Omilabu et al.[67] | 2015 | Cross-sectional | South West | Pregnant women | 18–44 | Urban | 150 | ELISA | 7.3 | 8 |
| Adekanle et al. [68] | 2010 | Cross-sectional | South West | Blood donors | 18–56 | Urban and rural | 234 | ELISA | 17.1 | 6 |
| Adeyemi et al. [69] | 2014 | Cross-Sectional | South West | Pregnant women | 16–35 | Urban and rural | 658 | ELISA | 16.3 | 7 |
| Adoga et al. [70] | 2010 | Cross-sectional | North Central | Apparently healthy | ≤ 60 | Urban | 1891 | ELISA | 6.0 | 6 |
| Alagbeleye et al. [71] | 2013 | Cross-sectional | South South | Pregnant women | 20–45 | Urban | 250 | RDT | 6.0 | 7 |
| Anaedobe et al. [72] | 2015 | Cross sectional | South West | Pregnant women | 22–44 | Urban | 180 | PCR | 8.3 | 7 |
| Anigilaje et al.[73] | 2013 | Cross sectional | North Central | HIV positive | 8 months-15 years | Urban | 395 | ELISA | 7.8 | 7 |
| Atilola et al. [74] | 2018 | Cross-sectional | South West | Pregnant women | 15–49 | Urban | 353 | RDT | 10.5 | 6 |
| Augustine et al. [75] | 2014 | Cross-sectional | North West | Blood donors | 18–65 | Urban | 150 | RDT | 9.3 | 6 |
| Babatope et al. [76] | 2015 | Cross-sectional | South South | Apparently healthy | NS | Urban | 300 | RDT | 8.3 | 6 |
| Balogun et al. [77] | 2010 | Cross-sectional | South West | HIV positive | > 18 | Urban | 102 | ELISA | 28.4 | 6 |
| Bakarey et al. [78] | 2018 | Cross-sectional | South West | Chronic liver disease | 20–60 | Urban | 122 | ELISA | 13.9 | 7 |
| Esan et al. [79] | 2014 | Cross-sectional | South West | Pregnant women | > 15 | Urban | 649 | ELISA | 6.8 | 6 |
| Ezechi et al. [80] | 2014 | Cross-sectional | South West | HIV positive pregnant women | 14–44 | Urban | 2391 | ELISA | 4.20 | 7 |
| Frank-Peterside et al. [81] | 2016 | Cross-sectional | South South | HIV positive | > 20 | Urban | 535 | RDT | 4.67 | 5 |
| Godwin et al. [82] | 2017 | Cross sectional | North Central | Students | 9–24 | Urban | 158 | RDT | 13.3 | 5 |
| Habibu et al. [83] | 2017 | Cross-sectional | North West | Students | 5–12 | Rural | 240 | RDT | 23.3 | 7 |
| Ifeorah et al. [84] | 2017 | Cohort | North Central | HIV positive | 1.4–67 | Urban | 1102 | ELISA | 10.3 | 7 |
| Iklaki et al. [85] | 2015 | Cross-sectional | South South | Pregnant women | 16–43 | Urban and rural | 300 | ELISA | 4.7 | 7 |
| Kolawole et al. [86] | 2012 | Cross-sectional | South West | Pregnant women | > 15 | Urban and rural | 200 | ELISA | 16.5 | 8 |
| Kolawole et al. [87] | 2018 | Cross-sectional | North Central | Febrile patients | > 17 | Urban | 200 | EIA | 19.0 | 6 |
| Meka et al. [88] | 2019 | Cross-Sectional | South East | Apparently healthy | NS | Rural | 330 | RDT | 2.1 | 6 |
| Mohammed et al. [89] | 2019 | Cross-sectional | North Central | Students | > 15 | Urban | 350 | RDT | 9.7 | 6 |
| Motayo et al. [90] | 2015 | Cross-sectional | South West | Blood donors | NS | Urban | 305 | EIA | 9.8 | 7 |
| Ndako et al. [91] | 2010 | Cross-sectional | North Central | Students | 4–17 | Rural | 360 | RDT | 9.7 | 7 |
| Ndako et al. [92] | 2011 | Cross-sectional | North West | Students | 10–24 | Rural | 190 | RDT | 18.4 | 5 |
| Ndako et al. [93] | 2016 | Cross-sectional | North Central | Apparently healthy | > 25 years | Urban and rural | 200 | ELISA | 22.5 | 6 |
| Nejo et al. [94] | 2018 | Cross-sectional | South West & North Central | Sexually active | 15–60 | Urban and rural | 463 | ELISA | 10.4 | 7 |
| Ngwogu et al. [95] | 2016 | Cross-sectional | South East | HIV positive | NS | Urban | 306 | RDT | 9.8 | 4 |
| Oje et al. [96] | 2012 | Cross-sectional | South West | Apparently healthy | ≥ 15 | Urban and rural | 2000 | RDT | 9.8 | 6 |
| Okonko et al. [97] | 2011 | Cross-sectional | South West | Pregnant women | NS | Urban | 200 | RDT | 11.5 | 7 |
| Okoye et al. [98] | 2015 | Cross-sectional | North Central | HIV positive pregnant women | 21–50 | Urban | 124 | ELISA | 12.1 | 6 |
| Olayinka et al. [99] | 2016 | Cross-sectional | Country-wide | Apparently healthy | > 2 | Urban and rural | 965 | ELISA | 12.2 | 8 |
| Oluboye et al. [100] | 2014 | Cross-sectional | South East | Pregnant women | ≥ 15 | Urban | 100 | ELISA | 6.0 | 4 |
| Omatola et al. [101] | 2019 | Cross-sectional | South West | Pregnant women | ≥ 15 | Urban | 200 | RDT | 1.0 | 7 |
| Omeje et al. [102] | 2017 | Cross-sectional | South East | Students | 9–23 | Urban | 266 | RDT | 3.4 | 8 |
| Onwuakor et al. [103] | 2014 | Cross-sectional | South East | Pregnant women | 17–46 | Urban | 350 | RDT | 7.1 | 6 |
| Onwuliri et al. [104] | 2017 | Cross-sectional | North Central | Pregnant women | 15–54 | Urban and rural | 406 | EIA | 10.0 | 4 |
| Osho et al. [105] | 2019 | Cross-sectional | South West | Pregnant women | ≥ 17 | Urban | 1758 | RDT | 4.2 | 4 |
| Oyinloye et al. [106] | 2018 | Cross-sectional | North East | Outpatient | 15–64 | Urban and rural | 410 | RDT | 7.1 | 5 |
| Rabiu et al. [107] | 2018 | Cross-sectional | North West | Pregnant women | 18–54 | Urban and rural | 93 | ICT | 17.2 | 6 |
| Sadoh et al. [108] | 2011 | Cross-sectional | South South | HIV positive | 2 months–17 years | Urban | 155 | ELISA | 7.7 | 7 |
| Sadoh et al. [109] | 2014 | Cross-sectional | South South | Children admitted to emergency unit | 2 months–15 years | Urban | 150 | ELISA | 14.0 | 7 |
| Uleanya [110] | 2016 | Cross-sectional | South East | HIV positive | 18 months–15 years | Urban | 140 | EIA | 10.0 | 6 |
| Yakubu et al. [111] | 2016 | Cross-sectional | North West | Blood donors | 18–35 | Urban and rural | 361 | RDT | 16.6 | 5 |
HBsAg Hepatitis B surface antigen, NS not specified, NA Not available, ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, PCR polymerase chain reaction, ICT immunochromatography, EIA enzyme immunoassay, RDT rapid diagnostic test