Table 2.

Animal-level seroprevalence of Brucella spp. in various livestock species

Variable	Level	Livestock species
		Cattle			Sheep			Goats			Camels
		n	% Seroprevalence (95% CI)	P-value	n	% Seroprevalence (95% CI)	P- value	n	% Seroprevalence (95% CI)	P-value	n	% Seroprevalence (95% CI)	P-value
Sex
	Male	48	6.3 (1.3–17.2)	0.113	13	7.7 (0.2–36.0-)	0.298	27	0.0 (0.0–12.8)	0.019	0	0.0	1
	Female	250	15.2 (11.0–20.3)		105	1.9 (0.2–6.7)		79	17.7 (10.0–27.9)		10	20.0 (2.5–55.6)
Age
	Young	25	0.0 (0.0–13.7)	0.031	16	0.0 (0.0–20.6)	0.643	12	0.0 (0.0–26.5)	0.031	0	0.0	1
	Weaners	31	6.5 (0.8–21.4)		18	5.6 (0.1–27.3)		11	9.1 (0.2–41.3)		0	0.0
	Adults	242	16.1 (11.7–21.4)		84	2.4 (0.3–8.3)		83	15.7 (8.6–25.3)		10	20.0 (2.5–55.6)
Pregnancy status
	No	212	12.3 (8.1–17.5)	0.267	86	0.0 (0.0–10.9)	0.562	72	8.3 (3.1–17.3)	0.061	2	50 (1.3–98.7)	1
	Yes	86	17.4 (10.1–27.1)		32	3.5 (0.7–9.9)		34	23.5 (10.7–41.2)		8	12.5 (0.3–52.7)

n number of animals tested; CI lower and upper limits for 95% confidence intervals