Figure 4.

UV radiation and oxidative stress promote melanoma formation. Both sun exposure and tanning beds are sources of UV. Among these, UVA is mostly responsible for oxidative stress, causing DNA and protein damage as well as lipid peroxidation. DNA damage leads to gene instability and mutagenesis, impacting the main cellular processes involved in cancerogenesis, cancer growth, metastasis, and adaptive immune resistance. Likewise, UVB modulate those processes by the activation of inflammatory response. From Wróbel, S., Przybyło, M and Stępień, E. “The Clinical Trial Landscape for Melanoma Therapies,” J. Clin. Med. 2019, 8(3): 368. doi: 10.3390/jcm8030368.