Table 2.
Association between vaccine acceptance and sociodemographic variables—(A) bivariate results and (B) multivariate logistic regression.
| (A) Bivariate associations between vaccine acceptance and sociodemographics % Accepted/Intend to accept (weighted) χ2 test for differences by demographics |
(B) Logistic regression of vaccine acceptance 1=Accepted/Intend to accept (4294), 0=uncertain/refused/intend to refuse (600) |
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| n | % | χ2 (df) | P value | N | AOR* | 95% CI lower |
95% CI upper |
P value | |
| Gender | 2.154 (2) | 0.341 | 0.085 | ||||||
| Male | 2012 | 83.8 | 2097 | ref | |||||
| Female | 2117 | 82.5 | 2788 | 0.82 | 0.67 | 0.99 | 0.036 | ||
| Other | 5 | 71.4 | 9 | 0.47 | 0.09 | 2.45 | 0.369 | ||
| Age | 274.733 (6) | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||
| 18–29 | 613 | 74.4 | 459 | ref | |||||
| 30–39 vs 18–29 | 618 | 72.5 | 761 | 0.89 | 0.66 | 1.20 | 0.448 | ||
| 40–49 vs 18–39 | 640 | 79.3 | 835 | 1.43 | 1.12 | 1.83 | 0.004 | ||
| 50–59 vs 18–49 | 745 | 85.9 | 896 | 1.92 | 1.49 | 2.46 | <0.001 | ||
| 60–69 vs 18–59 | 659 | 92.7 | 1003 | 3.21 | 2.37 | 4.34 | <0.001 | ||
| 70–79 vs 18–69 | 629 | 95.7 | 763 | 3.31 | 2.22 | 4.95 | <0.001 | ||
| 80+ vs 18–79 | 209 | 95.9 | 177 | 2.19 | 0.92 | 5.21 | 0.078 | ||
| Education/highest qualification | 56.056 (4) | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||
| No qualifications | 495 | 80.1 | 411 | ref | |||||
| Degree or equivalent and above | 1811 | 87.2 | 2454 | 3.03 | 2.17 | 4.23 | <0.001 | ||
| A levels/vocational level 3 or equivalent | 909 | 80.4 | 990 | 1.80 | 1.27 | 2.55 | <0.001 | ||
| Other qual’ns below A level/voc level 3 | 694 | 82.7 | 784 | 1.50 | 1.05 | 2.15 | 0.026 | ||
| Other qualification | 223 | 73.4 | 255 | 0.90 | 0.58 | 1.39 | 0.632 | ||
| Financial status | 168.660 (4) | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Living comfortably | 1162 | 90.1 | 1533 | ref | |||||
| Doing alright | 1749 | 86.0 | 1998 | 0.89 | 0.69 | 1.15 | 0.383 | ||
| Just about getting by | 848 | 74.9 | 959 | 0.52 | 0.39 | 0.69 | <0.001 | ||
| Finding it quite difficult | 261 | 77.2 | 266 | 0.74 | 0.50 | 1.10 | 0.139 | ||
| Finding it very difficult | 111 | 63.4 | 138 | 0.35 | 0.22 | 0.55 | <0.001 | ||
| Country | 3.171 (2) | 0.205 | 0.326 | ||||||
| England | 3581 | 83.5 | 4302 | ref | |||||
| Scotland | 356 | 80.5 | 384 | 0.82 | 0.59 | 1.13 | 0.220 | ||
| Wales | 192 | 81.0 | 208 | 0.80 | 0.51 | 1.26 | 0.345 | ||
| Urban/rural | 34.517 (1) | <0.001 | |||||||
| Urban | 3266 | 81.5 | 3729 | ref | |||||
| Rural | 863 | 89.4 | 1165 | 1.28 | 1.00 | 1.65 | 0.051 | ||
| Ethnicity | 246.434 (5) | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||
| White British | 3482 | 87.1 | 4226 | ref | |||||
| Any other white background | 254 | 75.8 | 318 | 0.55 | 0.40 | 0.76 | <0.001 | ||
| Mixed or multiple ethnic groups | 62 | 61.4 | 62 | 0.39 | 0.21 | 0.71 | 0.002 | ||
| Asian or Asian British | 188 | 61.4 | 161 | 0.41 | 0.28 | 0.61 | <0.001 | ||
| Black or black British | 59 | 58.4 | 67 | 0.25 | 0.14 | 0.43 | <0.001 | ||
| Other | 59 | 72.8 | 60 | 0.42 | 0.23 | 0.79 | 0.007 | ||
| Whether been offered vaccine | 45.924 (1) | <0.001 | |||||||
| No | 3479 | 81.6 | 4227 | ref | |||||
| Yes | 658 | 91.9 | 667 | 1.73 | 1.24 | 2.43 | 0.001 | ||
| COVID-19 status | 72.865 (4) | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Think probably or definitely not had COVID-19 | 2741 | 86.1 | 3288 | ref | |||||
| Diagnosed with COVID-19 | 218 | 74.4 | 240 | 0.89 | 0.60 | 1.33 | 0.575 | ||
| Think definitely had COVID-19 | 118 | 68.2 | 140 | 0.40 | 0.26 | 0.60 | <0.001 | ||
| Think probably had COVID-19 | 598 | 79.1 | 691 | 0.71 | 0.56 | 0.91 | 0.006 | ||
| Don’t Know if had COVID-19 | 462 | 81.5 | 535 | 0.73 | 0.55 | 0.97 | 0.031 | ||
| Hosmer & Lemeshow χ²=7.444, df=8, p=0.490. | |||||||||
| Final model χ²=497.429, df=29, p<0.001 | |||||||||
| Nagelkerke=0.184 | |||||||||
| Cases correctly classified: 88.1%. | |||||||||
| 84 cases excluded due to missing data on one or more independent variables. | |||||||||
*Adjusted for all other variables in the model.
AOR, adjusted OR; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; ref, reference category.