Table 4.
Relative mean absolute error of wood volume estimation (%) for various levels of human supervision for AP4 at 1-, 0.25- and 0.04-ha plot scales and tree scale
| Level of human assistance | 1-ha plot | 0.25-ha plot | 0.04-ha plot | Tree |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | 34 | 41 (49) | 106 (176) | – |
| II | 12 | 24 (16) | 26 (20) | 241 (701) |
| III | 11 | 11 (13) | 20 (15) | 26 (36) |
| IV | 12 | 12 (8) | 24 (22) | 21 (38) |
| V | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
I, fully automated pipeline (AP4) (Fig. 2-I); II, human-assisted tree location; Auto_Trees and Man_Trees are paired; III, human-assisted tree location and tree isolation; IV, human-assisted tree location, tree isolation and tree wood/leaf segmentation; V, fully human-assisted (control data) (Fig. 2-II).