Fig. 8.

Schematic model of the movement of japonica rice into Taiwan and SE Asia. The blue lines broadly indicate main lines of japonica dispersal across NE and SE Asia. The solid green line represents dispersal of temperate japonica into Taiwan, whereas dashed green lines indicate gene flow into Taiwan japonica rice subpopulations from mainland SE Asia and the northern Philippines. The question mark on the date for japonica rice diversification in SE Asia indicates uncertainty in the timing given different estimates based on this study and our earlier work (Gutaker et al. 2020).