Table.1.

Overview of different fabrication strategyies, morphologies, and doping elements of nano-ZnO modified Ti and their applications

Strategies	Morphologies	Doping elements	Applications	References
Electrodeposition	Nanoparticles	Ag	Anti-bacteria	[54]
	Nanoparticles	–	Anti-bacteria, anti-inflammation inhibition	[56]
	Nanoparticles	–	Anti-bacteria, anti-corrosion	[58]
	Nanoparticles	HA, Ag, Cu	Anti-bacteria, osteogenesis	[61, 91]
	Nanorods	–	Not reported	[55]
	Nanorods	–	Anti-bacteria	[57]
	Nanospheres, nanoflakes, worm-like and flower-like structure	–	Anti-corrosion	[92]
	Not reported	Ag, chitosan, gelatin	Anti-bacteria	[59]
Electrophoretic deposition	Nanoparticles	–	Anti-corrosion, anti-bacteria	[62]
Atomic layer deposition	Nanoparticles	Sr, octadecylphosphonic acid-toluene	Anti-bacteria, osteogenesis	[64]
	Not reported	–	Anti-bacteria, osteogenesis	[48]
	Nanoparticles	Chitosan	Anti-bacteria, osteogenesis	[52]
Magnetron sputtering	Nanoparticles	–	Anti-biofilm, immunoregulation	[66]
	Not reported	TaxOy	Anti-bacteria, anti-corrosion	[67]
Laser deposition	Not reported	Ag, HA	Anti-bacteria, osteogenesis	[46]
	Not reported	–	Osteogenesis	[69]
Electrohydrodynamic spraying	Nanoparticles	HA	Anti-biofilm	[70]
Sol-gel	Not reported	Ag	Anti-bacteria, anti-corrosion	[73]
Hydrothermal method	Nanorods	Ag, PLGA	Anti-bacteria, osteogenesis	[76]
	Nanorods	Ag	Anti-bacteria	[77]
	Nanoparticles	–	Anti-bacteria, osteogenesis, immunoregulation	[53]
	Nanoparticles	–	Anti-bacteria, osteogenesis	[74]
	Nanoparticles	HA	Anti-bacteria	[93]
Other methods	Not reported	Functional molecules	Osteogenesis, anti-corrosion	[71, 72]
	Quantum dots	Antibiotic, folic acid (FA)	Anti-bacteria, seal-platform	[81]
	Nanoparticles	Chitosan	Anti-bacteria, anti-corrosion	[80]
	Nanoparticles	N-halamine, polystyrene-acrylic acid, SiO2	Anti-bacteria, osteogenesis	[78]
	Not reported	HA	Anti-bacteria	[82]
	Nanorods-nanospheres hierarchical structure	–	Anti-bacteria	[79]
	Nanorods-nanoslices hierarchical structure	–	Anti-bacteria	[83]