Table 2.
Description of diets fed to steers in Exp. 2
| Item | Treatment1 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| U | NIT | UBS | NITBS | LOW-S | |
| Ingredient, % DM | |||||
| Steam-flaked corn | 61.27 | 61.00 | 61.27 | 61.27 | 61.52 |
| Wet corn gluten feed | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 |
| Cottonseed hulls | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| Alfalfa hay, chopped | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| Fat (yellow grease) | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| Mineral supplement | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| Limestone | 1.30 | 0.20 | 1.30 | 1.30 | 1.80 |
| Ground corn | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Urea | 0.68 | – | 0.68 | – | 0.68 |
| eCAN | – | 2.00 | – | 2.00 | – |
| BSS | – | – | 0.33 | 0.33 | – |
| Calcium sulfate | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.75 | – |
| Nutrient composition2 | |||||
| DM, % as fed | 77.88 | 77.29 | 77.75 | 77.63 | 77.88 |
| CP, % DM | 13.40 | 13.20 | 13.50 | 13.60 | 13.40 |
| OM, % DM | 94.42 | 94.81 | 94.16 | 94.26 | 94.53 |
| NDF, % DM | 20.74 | 21.61 | 21.71 | 21.37 | 21.77 |
| ADF, % DM | 10.43 | 10.80 | 11.00 | 10.07 | 11.00 |
| TDN, % DM | 75.14 | 74.71 | 74.86 | 75.00 | 75.00 |
| NEm, Mcal/kg | 2.01 | 2.03 | 2.03 | 2.04 | 2.04 |
| NEg, Mcal/kg | 1.37 | 1.39 | 1.39 | 1.40 | 1.40 |
| Ca, % DM | 0.68 | 0.65 | 0.69 | 0.66 | 0.65 |
| P, % DM | 0.48 | 0.52 | 0.51 | 0.53 | 0.49 |
| Mg, % DM | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.20 | 0.21 |
| K, % DM | 1.01 | 1.06 | 1.03 | 1.06 | 1.07 |
| Na, % DM | 0.15 | 0.17 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.18 |
| S, % DM | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.34 | 0.35 | 0.24 |
| Fe, ppm | 150.29 | 146.14 | 149.71 | 147.71 | 193.29 |
| Zn, ppm | 86.71 | 93.29 | 84.86 | 93.29 | 96.57 |
| Cu, ppm | 11.71 | 12.00 | 12.14 | 11.29 | 10.86 |
| Mn, ppm | 31.43 | 32.71 | 30.71 | 33.00 | 31.86 |
| Mo, ppm | 1.07 | 1.13 | 1.00 | 1.09 | 1.06 |
| RAS3, % DM | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.14 |
Diet was formulated to meet or exceed NASEM (2016) requirements for finishing beef cattle.
1U, Control (Urea at 0.68% with 0.28% RAS); NIT, Nitrate (eCAN at 2.0% with 0.28% RAS); UBS, Urea-Bismuth (Urea at 0.68% and BSS at 0.33% with 0.28% RAS); NITBS, Nitrate-Bismuth (eCAN at 2.0% and BSS at 0.33% with 0.28% RAS); LOW-S, Low sulfur (Urea at 0.68% with 0.14% RAS).
2Analyzed by a commercial laboratory using a wet chemistry package (Dairy One, Ithaca, NY); Net Energy values were calculated based on observed cattle growth performance using the Beef Cattle Nutrient Requirement Model (NASEM, 2016).
3Ruminally available soluble (RAS) was calculated using the formula published by Sarturi et al. (2013a).