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. 2021 Jun 23;224(8):1305–1315. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiab333

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© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 2. — Detection of preexisting cross-reactive antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in prepandemic samples from children (n = 50) and adults (n = 45) undergoing elective adenotonsillectomy due to upper airway obstruction, as compared with convalescent COVID-19 patient samples (n = 16). Horizontal bars represent geometric mean antibody titers of antibody in each group, and dashed lines indicate the antibody positivity cutoff for anti-S1, S-RBD, and NP IgG antibodies. ** P < .01, ***P < .001, ****P < .0001. Abbreviations: COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; IgG, immunoglobulin G; NP, nucleocapsid protein; RBD, receptor-binding domain; S, spike; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.