Table 1.

DSM-5 AUD diagnostic criteria items

Item

1. Alcohol is often taken in larger amounts or over a longer period than was intended (Larger/Longer)

2. There is a persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control alcohol use (Quit/Control)

3. A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to obtain alcohol, use alcohol or recover from its effects (Time Spent)

4. Craving, a strong desire or urge to use alcohol (Craving)

5. Recurrent alcohol use resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school or home (Neglect Roles)

6. Continued alcohol use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused or exacerbated by the effects of alcohol (Social/Interpersonal)

7. Important social, occupational or recreational activities are given up or reduced because of alcohol use (Activities Given Up)

8. Recurrent alcohol use in situations in which it is physically hazardous (Hazardous Use)

9. Alcohol use is continued despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problems that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by alcohol (Physical/Psychological)

10. Tolerance (Tolerance)

11. Withdrawal (Withdrawal)