Table 2.

Educational initiatives—community-based

Year	Authors	Country of origin	Population studied	Actual sample size	Study design	Intervention method	Follow-up time (post-intervention)	Outcome types	Estimated burn incidence (baseline rates/100,000)	Outcomes
2019	Hasibuan et al. [32]	Indonesia (Bandung)	Residents in subdistricts with history of multiple major fires	61	Pre-post	One-day community health promotion event: lecture and discussion session (lecture topics: burn prevention in the home, burns incidence, first aid and initial management of burns and burn complications), burn first aid demonstration and discussion session	Unclear	Knowledge of burn prevention and management (measured by pre and post questionnaire)	NA	Significant improvement of knowledge regarding burns prevention and management (pre-test median score = 2, post-test median score = 9, p < 0.001)
2018	Kahriman et al. [33]	Turkey	Mothers of children aged 0–6 years	300 mothers	Pre-post	Training of mothers on dangerous situations in the home, posters and brochures. Theoretical training lasted for 16 h, practical training was conducted through a simulation setting, where mothers were asked to identify as many environmental risk factors as possible	Unclear	Knowledge and attitudes towards paediatric injuries including burns (measured by pre and post questionnaire) and environment change (risk assessment form completed by researcher, scoring hazardous situations in the home)	NA	Scores on the identification scale for paediatric injuries increased significantly (p = 0.00). Risk assessment form indicated that there was no significant improvement in overall average score across all paediatric injuries (p = 0.362) but the post intervention burn-specific risk assessment form score was significantly lower (p = 0.00)
2017	Afshari et al. [22]	Iran (Twiserkan)	Mothers of children <5 years	72	Randomized control (individual)	Training programme about the prevention of home-related injuries, formed using the PRECEDE model (Predisposing, Reinforcing & Enabling Constructs in Educational/Ecological Diagnosis & Evaluation). Training manuals were provided, and training consisted of four sessions of 2 weeks and each for 1 hour	2 months	Knowledge of accidental injury prevention, including burns (measured by pre and post questionnaire) and burns incidence (measured by self-reported pre and post questionnaires)	5/72 = 6.94%, 6944 per 100 k	Number of burn injuries in intervention group decreased (3 baseline, 1 follow-up) compared to control group (2 baseline, 4 follow-up). Score of knowledge increased statistically significantly in the intervention vs control group
2009	Schwebel et al. [20]	South Africa	Households in two informal settlement communities—Phillipi and Du Noon	238 (baseline) 206 (follow-up), intervention = 106, control = 100)	Randomized control (individual)	Intervention: expert trainers trained local professionals to deliver educational materials to the community regarding safe use of kerosene and kerosene-powered appliances	4 weeks	Knowledge (measured by pre and post questionnaire) and environment change (risk assessment form completed by researcher, scoring kerosene safety in the home)	NA	Significant increase in kerosene-related knowledge in the intervention group compared to the control (p < 0.01) Significant increase in safe kerosene practices in the home and recognition of kerosene injury risk in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.05)
2009	Gimeniz-Paschoal et al. [31]	Brazil	Families with children <4 years old	40 relatives of children <four years old	Non-randomized control	Educational talk (30 min), information about the contents of an educational folder about the prevention of childhood burns and a copy of the educational materials	1 week	Knowledge of burn prevention and management (measured by frequency analysis of interview data)	NA	Prior to the intervention, 62 interview responses on burn risk situations were registered in the intervention group and 60 in the control group. Post-intervention, this increased to 80 and 61 respectively
1998	Sunder and Bharat [34]	India	Industrial workers at Tata Steel in Jamshedpur, 1993–1996	815 patients (142 inpatients, 673 outpatients) with industrial burns treated at a burn centre. The patients were industrial workers at Tata Steel	Pre-post	75-min audio-visual session for instructors who then distribute safety messages to other employees. Videos were used to highlight burns safety devices, prevention and first aid; annual lectures and discussions were led by instructors; first aid pamphlets and posters were distributed	Incidence first reported in 1993, intervention applied each year from 1994. Incidence rates reported until 1996	Burns incidence and mortality (measured using hospital records)	Unclear population size	Decline in the incidence of inpatient and outpatient burns admissions after the intervention; no mortality from burns and no burns with >20% total body surface area (TBSA) after the intervention; increase in the number of patients who used water for first aid