Table 1.
Quantitative analysis of medicinal species used in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
| Sl.Nos. | Local name (in Spanish) |
Local name (in English) |
Families | Scientific name | n | UV | RPL | SUL |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ajo | Garlic | Amarilidaceae | Allium sativum L. | 7 | 0.14 | 0.07 | 2.57⁎ |
| 2 | Albahaca | Basil | Lamiaceae | Ocimum sp | 2 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.74 |
| 3 | Amaranto | Amaranth | Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus sp | 1 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.37 |
| 4 | Anamú | – | Phytolacaceae | Petiveria alliacea L. | 1 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.37 |
| 5 | Apio | Celery | Apiaceae | Apium graveolens L. | 2 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.74 |
| 6 | Canela | Cinnamon | Lauraceae | Cinnamomum verum J.Presl | 2 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.74 |
| 7 | Cebolla morada | Red Onion | Amarilidaceae | Allium cepa L. | 2 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.74 |
| 8 | Celedonia | – | Piperaceae | Peperomia pellucida Kunth | 2 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.74 |
| 9 | Cien piecito | – | UI | UI | 1 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.37 |
| 10 | Cilantro | Coriander | Apiaceae | Eryngium foetidum L. | 1 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.37 |
| 11 | Coca | – | UI | UI | 1 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.37 |
| 12 | Cúrcuma | – | Zingiberaceae | Curcuma longa L. | 2 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.74 |
| 13 | Espabonilla | – | Gesneriaceae | Glossloma panamense (C.V. Morton) J.L. Clark | 1 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.37 |
| 14 | Eucaliptus | Eucalyptus | Myrtaceae | Eucalyptus globulus Labill. | 43 | 0.86 | 0.43 | 15.81⁎ |
| 15 | Galve | – | Fabaceae | Senna reticulata (Willd.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby | 1 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.37 |
| 16 | Guácimo | – | Malvaceae | Luehea seemannii Triana & Planch | 1 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.37 |
| 17 | Hierbabuena | Peppermint | Lamiaceae | Mentha x piperita L. | 4 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 1.47 |
| 18 | Jengibre | Ginger | Zingiberaceae | Zingiber officinale Roscoe | 50 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 18.38⁎ |
| 19 | Limón | Lemon | Rutaceae | Citrus x limon (L.) Osbeck | 40 | 0.80 | 0.4 | 14.71⁎ |
| 20 | Limoncillo | Lemongrass | Poaceae | Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf | 14 | 0.28 | 0.14 | 5.15 |
| 21 | Llantén | – | Plantaginacea | Plantago major L. | 1 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.37 |
| 22 | Manzanilla | Chamomile | Asteraceae | Matricaria recutita L. | 26 | 0.52 | 0.26 | 9.56 |
| 23 | Matarratón | – | Fabaceae | Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp. | 28 | 0.56 | 0.28 | 10.29⁎ |
| 24 | Menta | Mint | Lamiaceae | Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds. | 1 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.37 |
| 25 | Moringa | – | Moringaceae | Moringa olifera Lam. | 5 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 1.84 |
| 26 | Naranja | Orange | Rutaceae | Citrus x aurantium L. | 4 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 1.47 |
| 27 | Orégano | – | Lamiaceae | Origanum vulgare L. | 3 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 1.10 |
| 28 | Orozul | – | Verbenaceae | Phyla dulcis (Trevir.) Moldenke | 1 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.37 |
| 29 | Paíco | – | Chenopodiaceae | Chenopodium ambrosioides L. | 1 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.37 |
| 30 | Poleo | – | Lamiaceae | Clinopodium brownei (Sw.) Kuntze | 1 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.37 |
| 31 | Prontoalivio | Soon-relief | Verbenaceae | Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. ex Britton & P.Wilson | 5 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 1.84 |
| 32 | Romero | – | Lamiaceae | Rosmarinus officinalis L. | 2 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.74 |
| 33 | Santamaría | – | Piperaceae | Piper peltatum L. | 1 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.37 |
| 34 | Sauco | – | Solanaceae | Solanum sp | 12 | 0.24 | 0.12 | 4.41 |
| 35 | Siempreviva | – | Commelinaceae | Tripogandra serrulata (Vahl) Handlos | 1 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.37 |
| 36 | Toronjil | Lemon balm | Lamiaceae | Melissa officinalis L. | 1 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.37 |
| 37 | Verbena | – | Verbenaceae | Stachytarpheta cayennensis (Rich.) Vahl | 1 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.37 |
n = citations number; UV: use value; RPL: relative popularity level; SUL: significant usage level (tramil); UI: Unidentified.
⁎
= species with greater value of use and cultural acceptance (>20%). These potential plants are recommended as per the government guidelines for the treatment of covid-19.