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| Outcomes | Group I (ADR) | Group II (Hybrid) | p between groups |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operative time (minutes) | 80.5±10.3 | 78.2±10.2 | >0.05 |
| Preoperative VAS (arm pain) | 6.5±2.0 | 6.4±1.8 | >0.05 |
| Final follow-up VAS | 2.1±1.2 | 2.1±1.3 | >0.05 |
| p within groups | <0.05 | <0.05 | |
| Preoperative NDI | 42.3±10.2 | 40.5±9.9 | >0.05 |
| Final follow-up NDI | 20.6±7.5 | 21.4±8.2 | >0.05 |
| p within groups | <0.05 | <0.05 |
ADR: artificial disc replacement, VAS: visual analogue scale, NDI: neck disability index.
