Table 4.

Correlates of Perceived Treatment Ineffectiveness for Combined Oral Contraceptive Pills (n = 191)

Variable (reference)	Bivariate logistic regression					Multiple logistic regressiona
	β	SE	OR	95% CI	p	β	SE	OR	95% CI	p
Dysmenorrhea symptom-based phenotypes
Severe localized pain (mild)	1.29	0.37	3.63	1.74–7.55	0.00	1.24	0.40	3.46	1.58–7.57	0.00
Severe multiple symptoms (mild)	0.75	0.41	2.11	0.94–4.73	0.07	0.57	0.44	1.77	0.75–4.19	0.20
Demographics
Age	0.03	0.02	1.03	0.99–1.07	0.16
Ethnicity-Hispanic	−0.11	0.50	0.89	0.33–2.38	0.82
Race Asian (white)	1.13	0.88	3.08	0.55–17.34	0.20
Black (white)	−0.17	0.53	0.84	0.30–2.39	0.75
Other (white)	−0.38	0.62	0.69	0.20–2.32	0.54
Clinical
No. of chronic pain conditions	0.20	0.09	1.22	1.02–1.47	0.03
Comorbid gynecological condition	0.96	0.31	2.61	1.43–4.78	0.00	0.94	0.33	2.56	1.34–4.89	0.00
Psychobehavioral
Pain Catastrophizing	0.02	0.01	1.02	1.00–1.05	0.05
Perceived Stress	0.01	0.03	1.01	0.97–1.06	0.60
Anxiety	0.01	0.02	1.01	0.97–1.04	0.73	−0.06	0.03	0.94	0.89–1.00	0.03
Depression	0.03	0.02	1.04	1.00–1.07	0.05	0.06	0.03	1.06	1.00–1.13	0.04
Sleep disturbance	0.01	0.03	1.01	0.95–1.07	0.86

Bolded, p < 0.05. For both bivariate and multiple logistic models, respondents who perceived combined oral contraceptive pills as effective were the outcome reference group.

^a The covariates for the multiple logistic regression model were selected by fitting all possible combinations of covariate variables and selecting the model with the lowest Akaike's Information Criteria; Pseudo R²: Nagelkerke R² = 0.18, McKelvey-Zavoina R² = 0.17, McFadden R² = 0.11.