Table 1.

Effects of dietary fiber, prebiotics, probiotics and additives on SCFAs production.

Ingredient	Inclusion level	Specie	Age, d	Sample site	Effects	Reference
Wheat bran + DDGS	80 g/kg	Broiler	0-21d	Cecum	↑Total SCFAs ↑Acetate	Walugembe et al., (121)
	60 g/kg	Laying hen
Inulin	20 g/kg	Broiler	0-40 d	Cecum	↑Propionate ↑Butyrate	Li et al., (140)
Wheat bran	100 g/kg				↑Isobutyrate
Inulin	10 g/kg	Chickens	0-56 d	Cecum	↑Acetate ↑Butyrate ↑Propionate	Song et al., (141)
Isomalto-Oligosaccharide	3 g/kg	Broiler	0-56 d	Jejunum	↑Isobutyrate ↑Butyrate	Zhang et al., (123)
Xylooligosaccharides	0.5 g/kg	Laying hen	0-56 d	Cecum	↑Acetate ↑Butyrate	Ding et al., (124)
Soybean oligosaccharide	6 g/kg	Broiler	0-49 d	Cecum	↑Acetate ↑Propionate	Zhu et al., (142)
Stachyose
Raffinose
Bacillus subtilis PB6	0.5 g/kg	Broiler chick	0-40 d	Cecum	↑Acetate ↑Butyrate	Aljumaah et al., (128)
Clostridium butyricum	1 × 109 CFU/kg	Broiler chicken	0-42 d	Cecum	↑Acetate ↑Propionate ↑Total SCFAs	Zhang et al., (143)
Clostridium butyricum	2.5 × 109 CFU/kg	Broiler chick	0-37 d	Cecum	↓Propionate	Molnár et al., (127)
Lactobacillus plantarum B1	2 × 109 CFU/kg	Broiler chicken	0-42 d	Cecum	↑Acetate ↑Butyrate ↑Lactate	Peng et al., (144)
Multi-strain probiotics(L. acidophilus LAP5, L. fermentum P2, P. acidophilus LS, L. casei L21)	1 × 107 CFU/g	Chickens	0-10 d	Cecum	↑Acetate ↑Total SCFAs	Chang et al., (129)
Sodium butyrate	1 g/kg	Broiler chicken	0-42 d	Jejunum	↑Butyrate	González-Ortiz et al., (133)
				Ileum	↑Acetate ↑Lactate
Sodium butyrate	1 g/kg	Broiler	0-42 d	Jejunum	↑Propionate ↑Butyrate	Wu et al., (132)
Sodium butyrate	20 g/kg	Laying hen	0-28 d	Cecum	↑Acetate ↑Butyrate	Wang et al., (134)
	40 g/kg
Organic acids(acetate, formate, propionate, sorbate, vegetal fatty acids)	2 g/kg	Turkey	0-70 d	Cecum	↑Propionate ↑Butyrate	Milbradt et al., (135)
Organic acid blend(SCFAs, MCFAs, β1-4 mannobiose)	3 g/kg	Broiler	0-35 d	Cecum	↑Acetate ↑Butyrate	Aljumaah et al., (136)