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. 2021 Aug 19;78(19-20):6453–6485. doi: 10.1007/s00018-021-03903-w

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

A model of pioneer and maintenance enhancers. A distal pioneer enhancer, potentially bound by CTCF and/or cohesin, initiates a chromatin loop with the gene promoter and increases accessibility of the locus. Subsequently, more proximal cohesin-independent maintenance enhancers become activated and initiate gene transcription. Blue and red circles denote inactive and active enhancers, respectively