Table 2.
Echocardiographic and CMR measurements.
| Covariates |
Severe AS
(n = 9) |
Moderate AS
(n = 7) |
Mild AS
(n = 6) |
Controls
(n = 6) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Echocardiography | ||||
| LVOTdiameter (mm) | 21.2 ± 1.3 | 22.3 ± 1.8 | 21.5 ± 1, 9 | 21.8 ± 1.9 |
| LVOTarea (mm2) | 354 ± 43 | 392 ± 61 | 365 ± 63 | 377 ± 66 |
| LVOTVTI (cm) | 22 ± 5.5 | 22 ± 4 | 22 ± 4.8 | 20.3 ± 6.1 |
| AORTAVTI (cm) | 100 ± 9 | 78 ± 17 | 53 ± 12 | 27 ± 5 |
| MG (mmHg) | 40 ± 7 | 27 ± 9.7 | 19 ± 7.4 | 3.7 ± 1.2 |
| SVi (ml/m2) | 42 ± 10 | 43 ± 8 | 46 ± 14 | 41 ± 9 |
| Zva (mmHg/ml/m2) | 4.2 ± 1.2 | 3.9 ± 0.7 | 3.4 ± 0.8 | 3 ± 0.6 |
| LVET (ms) | 331 ± 25 | 315 ± 29 | 297 ± 20 | 307 ± 17 |
| AT (ms) | 115 ± 20 | 101 ± 27 | 97 ± 16 | 101 ± 16 |
| TAPSE (mm) | 24 ± 4 | 21 ± 6 | 24 ± 3 | 26 ± 5 |
| sPAP (mmHg) | 31 ± 7 | 34 ± 11 | 30 ± 6 | 27 ± 6 |
| LAVi (ml/m2) | 49 ± 21 | 44 ± 19 | 27 ± 17 | 25 ± 12 |
| E/e' (cm/s) | 8.9 ± 3.2 | 9.4 ± 3.9 | 7 ± 4.5 | 5.5 ± 0.9 |
| Cardiovascular magnetic resonance | ||||
| LVEDVi (ml/m2) | 89 ± 44 | 90 ± 37 | 92 ± 23 | 99 ± 42 |
| LVESVi (ml/m2) | 46 ± 28 | 46 ± 35 | 45 ± 21 | 49 ± 38 |
| SVi (ml/m2) | 48 ± 17 | 43 ± 10 | 48 ± 5 | 49 ± 9 |
| LVEF (%) | 57 ± 12 | 53 ± 16 | 74 ± 18 | 55 ± 14 |
| LVOTmin (mm) | 22 ± 1.9 | 22 ± 1.4 | 22 ± 1.7 | 22.1 ± 1.6 |
| LVOTmax (mm) | 23 ± 2.4 | 25 ± 2.9 | 24 ± 2.4 | 24.1 ± 2.8 |
| LVOTarea (mm2) | 397 ± 67 | 448 ± 56 | 421 ± 58 | 421 ± 60 |
| LVMI (g/m2) | 79 ± 22 | 87 ± 19 | 66 ± 17 | 71 ± 13 |
| Aortic valve area measurements | ||||
| EOAecho (cm2/m2) | 0.43 ± 0.12 | 0.57 ± 0.08 | 1.2 ± 0.24 | 1.49 ± 0.11 |
| EOAhybrid (cm2/m2) | 0.48 ± 0.09 | 0.69 ± 0.06 | 1.2 ± 0.24 | 1.67 ± 0.08 |
| AOAcmr (cm2/m2) | 0.47 ± 0.11 | 0.64 ± 0.08 | 1.2 ± 0.24 | 1.68 ± 0.11 |
| GOAcmr (cm2/m2) | 0.58 ± 0.15 | 0.78 ± 0.21 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.77 ± 0.14 |
AOAcmr, aliased orifice area by cardiovascular magnetic resonance; AT, acceleration time; EOAecho, effective orifice area by transthoracic echocardiography; EOAhybrid, hybrid effective orifice area; GOAcmr, geometric orifice area by cardiovascular magnetic resonance; LAVi, left atrial volume index; LVEDVi, left ventricular end-diastolic volume indexed to body surface area; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESVi, end-systolic volume indexed to body surface area; LVMI, left ventricular mass index; LVOT, left ventricular outflow tract; MG, mean gradient; LVET, left ventricular ejection time; sPAP, systolic pulmonary artery pressure; SVi, stroke volume indexed to body surface area; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; VTI, velocity time integral; Zva, valvulo-arterial impedance.