Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the AF prospective cohort.
| Variable | Training set (n = 1,223) | Validation set (n = 552) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 69.22 ± 12.05 | 69.02 ± 11.65 | 0.749 |
| Gender: male | 682 (55.8) | 334 (60.5) | 0.062 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 324 (26.5) | 163 (29.5) | 0.184 |
| Atherosclerosis | 446 (36.5) | 202 (36.6) | 0.959 |
| Hypertension | 759 (62.1) | 297 (53.8) | <0.001 |
| Prior stroke | 319 (26.1) | 127 (23.0) | 0.167 |
| Cerebral hemorrhage | 36 (2.9) | 9 (1.6) | 0.103 |
| Heart failure | 319 (26.1) | 119 (21.6) | 0.041 |
| Cancer | 80 (6.5) | 30 (5.4) | 0.371 |
| Renal insufficiency | 154 (12.6) | 67 (12.1) | 0.788 |
| Bleeding | 47 (3.8) | 22 (4.0) | 0.886 |
| Current smoker status | 347 (28.4) | 150 (27.2) | 0.603 |
| Alcohol | 87 (7.1) | 31 (5.6) | 0.241 |
| Anticoagulant treatment | 696 (56.9) | 299 (54.2) | 0.281 |
| β-Blocker treatment | 546 (44.6) | 237 (42.9) | 0.502 |
| Digoxin treatment | 398 (32.5) | 192 (34.8) | 0.354 |
| Statin medication | 486 (39.7) | 230 (41.7) | 0.443 |
| WBC (109/L) | 8.43 ± 3.71 | 8.30 ± 3.29 | 0.47 |
| KET | 0.463 | ||
| 0 | 1,093 (89.4) | 497 (90.0) | |
| 1 | 124 (10.1) | 52 (9.4) | |
| 2 | 6 (0.5) | 2 (0.4) | |
| 3 | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.2) | |
| Lymphocyte ratio | 20.20 ± 10.65 | 20.59 ± 10.93 | 0.48 |
| Creatinine (mmol/L) | 119.05 ± 78.09 | 117.84 ± 73.22 | 0.758 |
| RDW-CV (%) | 14.53 ± 2.01 | 14.36 ± 1.79 | 0.962 |
| Platelet (109/L) | 205.18± 69.61 | 202.30 ± 73.27 | 0.426 |
| Platelet distribution width (%) | 15.62 ± 1.98 | 15.67 ± 1.93 | 0.648 |
| GLU (mmol/L) | 7.00 ± 3.65 | 6.76 ± 3.28 | 0.191 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 7.77 ± 4.75 | 7.92 ± 5.17 | 0.542 |
| CHE (U/L) | 6.42 ± 1.96 | 6.41 ± 1.96 | 0.927 |
| MAO (U/L) | 4.89 ± 2.35 | 4.91 ± 2.68 | 0.862 |
| Neutrophils/lymphocytes (%) | 5.85 ± 6.61 | 5.96 ± 7.19 | 0.748 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score | 0.51 | ||
| 0 | 59 (4.8) | 33 (6.0) | |
| 1 | 139 (11.4) | 76 (13.8) | |
| 2 | 198 (16.2) | 99 (17.9) | |
| 3 | 256 (20.9) | 103 (18.7) | |
| 4 | 250 (20.4) | 110 (19.9) | |
| 5 | 169 (13.8) | 68 (12.3) | |
| 6 | 100 (8.2) | 46 (8.3) | |
| 7 | 42 (3.4) | 12 (2.2) | |
| 8 | 10 (0.8) | 5 (0.9) |
Data are represented as mean ± standard deviation or frequency (percentage). WBC, White blood cell; KET, Urine ketone body; RDW-CV, Red cell volume distribution width - coefficient of variation; GLU, Blood glucose; BUN, Blood urea nitrogen; CHE, Cholinesterase; MAO, Monoamine oxidase.