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. 2021 Nov 1;9:47. doi: 10.1038/s41413-021-00161-1

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — Osteoclast maturation and bone resorption were impaired with excessive secretion of PDGF-BB in the SKO mice. a Representative images of TRAP staining (first and second columns), phalloidin staining (third column), and resorption pits (fourth column) of the osteoclast cultures that were induced from primary mouse bone marrow monocytes. TRAP staining was conducted on days 3 and 7 of osteoclastogenic induction. Phalloidin staining and resorption assays were conducted on day 7. b, c Quantitative analysis of TRAP staining on day 3 of osteoclastogenesis in a. d Quantitative analysis of TRAP staining on day 7 of osteoclastogenesis in a. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001. e The ratio of the resorption area in a. *P < 0.05. f ELISAs of the concentration of PDGF-BB in the conditioned media collected on day 7 of osteoclastogenesis. **P < 0.01. g Coimmunofluorescence staining of TRAP (green) and PDGF-BB (red) in the trabecular bone of 3-month-old WT or SKO mice. h Quantitative analysis of the number of TRAP⁺PDGF-BB⁺ cells in g. n = 5, **P < 0.01. ELISAs of the concentration of PDGF-BB in the serum (i) and bone marrow (j) of the 3-month-old WT or SKO mice. *P < 0.05. k, l Crystal violet staining and quantitative analysis of bone marrow stromal cells cultured for 10 days. m, n Alizarin red staining of bone marrow stromal cells cultured in osteogenic medium for 21 days. Bone marrow stromal cells were collected from the bone marrow of the 3-month-old WT or SKO mice. ns: not significant