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. 2021 Oct 18;12:737764. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.737764

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Copyright © 2021 Pang, Makinde, Eze and Olatunji.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effect of SiPE treatment on inflammatory mediators in HF/STZ-induced diabetic encephalopathic rats. SiPE treatment at doses of 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg caused significant decrease in (A) brain tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), (B) interleukin 6 (IL-6), (C) interleukin one beta (IL-1β) and (D) nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B (NF-κB) compared to DECA group. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 5–6) and one-way ANOVA test was applied. **p < 0.001 indicates statistical significance compared to NCA group. ##p < 0.001, &&p < 0.01 and $$p < 0.05 indicate statistical significance compared to DECA group.