TABLE 1.
Patient characteristics stratified by blood pressure dipping status.
| Total (n = 51) | Dippers (n = 11) | Non-dippers (n = 40) | |
| Maternal Age, years | 36.5 ± 4.9 | 37.7 ± 4.8 | 36.2 ± 4.9 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI, kg/m 2 | 34.6 ± 8.4 | 37.0 ± 6.5 | 33.9 ± 8.8 |
| BMI at enrolment, kg/m 2 | 36.9 ± 8.6 | 38.4 ± 5.2 | 36.6 ± 9.4 |
| Gestational weight gain, kg | 5.7 ± 5.8 | 5.3 ± 7.7 | 5.9 ± 5.3 |
| GA at BP assessment, weeks | 27.6 ± 4.9 | 28.1 ± 3.9 | 27.5 ± 5.1 |
| GA at sleep study, weeks | 25.0 ± 4.9 | 25.3 ± 3.8 | 24.9 ± 5.2 |
| ESS | 9.9 ± 3.7 | 9.5 ± 3.9 | 10.0 ± 3.7 |
| PSQI | 8.9 ± 3.6 | 8.0 ± 3.5 | 9.3 ± 3.6 |
| Parity | |||
| Nulliparous | 18 (35.3%) | 4 (36.4%) | 14 (35.0%) |
| Multiparous | 33 (64.7%) | 7 (63.6%) | 26 (65.0%) |
| Category of hypertension | |||
| Chronic hypertension | 41 (80.4%) | 9 (81.8%) | 32 (80.0%) |
| Gestational hypertension | 10 (19.6%) | 2 (18.2%) | 8 (20.0%) |
| Anti-hypertensive medications: | |||
| Hydralazine | 1 (2.0%) | 0 | 1 (2.5%) |
| Methyldopa | 12 (23.5%) | 1 (9.1%) | 11 (27.5%) |
| Labetalol | 35 (68.6%) | 8 (72.7%) | 27 (67.5%) |
| Nifedipine | 24 (47.1%) | 4 (36.4%) | 20 (50.0%) |
| Enalapril | 1 (2.0%) | 0 | 1 (2.5%) |
| Other Medications: | |||
| ASA | 42 (82.4%) | 11 (100%) | 31 (77.5%) |
| Insulin | 8 (15.7%) | 1 (9.1%) | 7 (17.5%) |
| Metformin | 5 (9.8%) | 1 (9.1%) | 4 (10.0%) |
| Number of BP medications | |||
| 1 | 33 (64.7%) | 9 (81.8%) | 24 (60.0%) |
| 2 | 15 (29.4%) | 2 (18.2%) | 13 (32.5%) |
| ≥3 | 3 (5.9%) | 0 | 3 (7.5%) |
| Diabetes status | |||
| Gestational diabetes | 10 (19.6%) | 1 (9.1%) | 9 (22.5%) |
| Pre-existing diabetes | 5 (9.8%) | 1 (9.1%) | 4 (10.0%) |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Caucasian | 23 (45.1%) | 6 (54.5%) | 17 (48.6%) |
| African American | 10 (19.6%) | 2 (18.2%) | 8 (22.9%) |
| Other | 18 (35.3%) | 3 (27.3%) | 15 (37.5%) |
| Previous pregnancy with PrE | 14 (27.5%) | 3 (27.3%) | 11 (27.5%) |
| Family history of CVD | 41 (80.4%) | 9 (81.8%) | 32 (80.0%) |
| Severity of OSA | |||
| Mild | 17 (33.3%) | 4 (36.4%) | 13 (32.5%) |
| Moderate | 22 (43.1%) | 4 (36.4%) | 18 (45.0%) |
| Severe | 12 (23.5%) | 3 (27.3%) | 9 (22.5%) |
Values are presented in means ± SD or numbers (%). BMI, body mass index; GA, gestational age; BP, blood pressure; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Score; PSQI, Pittsburgh sleep quality index; PrE, pre-eclampsia; CVD, cardiovascular disease; OSA, obstructive sleep apnea.